How does a carbide grooving insert enhance the chip evacuation during grooving

Cermet inserts are made of a combination of ceramic and metal, creating an extremely hard material. This makes them an ideal choice for cutting tools that are used in a variety of industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics. One of the most important characteristics of cermet inserts is their wear resistance.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is due to their hardness and durability. They are able to withstand high temperatures, as well as frequent impacts, and can maintain their shape and performance over time. This makes them a reliable choice for cutting tools that are used in the long-term. Moreover, the wear resistance of cermet inserts also extends to their ability to resist abrasion, corrosion, and chemical attack.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is further enhanced by their low coefficient of friction. This means that they can reduce friction and heat buildup when cutting, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. Additionally, the low coefficient of friction also helps to reduce tool wear and tear, leading to increased tool life.

Overall, the wear resistance of cermet inserts is an important factor to consider when selecting cutting tools for any application. Their hardness and durability make them a reliable choice for long-term use, while their low coefficient of friction helps to reduce friction and heat buildup, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. This makes them an ideal choice for a variety of industries.

Cermet inserts are made of a combination of ceramic and metal, creating an extremely hard material. This makes them an ideal choice for cutting tools that are used in a variety of industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics. One of the most important characteristics of cermet inserts is their wear resistance.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is due to their hardness and durability. They are able to withstand high temperatures, as well as frequent impacts, and can maintain their shape and performance over time. This makes them a reliable choice for cutting tools that are used in the long-term. Moreover, the wear resistance of cermet inserts also extends to their ability to resist abrasion, corrosion, and SNMG Inserts chemical attack.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is further enhanced by their low coefficient of friction. This means that they can reduce friction and heat buildup when cutting, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. Additionally, the low coefficient of friction also helps to reduce tool wear and tear, leading to increased tool life.

Overall, the wear resistance of cermet inserts is an important factor to consider when selecting cutting tools for any application. Their hardness and durability make them a reliable choice for long-term use, while their low CNMM Inserts coefficient of friction helps to reduce friction and heat buildup, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. This makes them an ideal choice for a variety of industries.

Cermet inserts are made of a combination of ceramic and metal, creating an extremely hard material. This makes them an ideal choice for cutting tools that are used in a variety of industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics. One of the most important characteristics of cermet inserts is their wear resistance.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is due to their hardness and durability. They are able to withstand high temperatures, as well as frequent impacts, and can maintain their shape and performance over time. This makes them a reliable choice for cutting tools that are used in the long-term. Moreover, the wear resistance of cermet inserts also extends to their ability to resist abrasion, corrosion, and chemical attack.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is further enhanced by their low coefficient of friction. This means that they can reduce friction and heat buildup when cutting, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. Additionally, the low coefficient of friction also helps to reduce tool wear and tear, leading to increased tool life.

Overall, the wear resistance of cermet inserts is an important factor to consider when selecting cutting tools for any application. Their hardness and durability make them a reliable choice for long-term use, while their low coefficient of friction helps to reduce friction and heat buildup, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. This makes them an ideal choice for a variety of industries.

Cermet inserts are made of a combination of ceramic and metal, creating an extremely hard material. This makes them an ideal choice for cutting tools that are used in a variety of industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics. One of the most important characteristics of cermet inserts is their wear resistance.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is due to their hardness and durability. They are able to withstand high temperatures, as well as frequent impacts, and can maintain their shape and performance over time. This makes them a reliable choice for cutting tools that are used in the long-term. Moreover, the wear resistance of cermet inserts also extends to their ability to resist abrasion, corrosion, and SNMG Inserts chemical attack.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is further enhanced by their low coefficient of friction. This means that they can reduce friction and heat buildup when cutting, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. Additionally, the low coefficient of friction also helps to reduce tool wear and tear, leading to increased tool life.

Overall, the wear resistance of cermet inserts is an important factor to consider when selecting cutting tools for any application. Their hardness and durability make them a reliable choice for long-term use, while their low CNMM Inserts coefficient of friction helps to reduce friction and heat buildup, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. This makes them an ideal choice for a variety of industries.

Cermet inserts are made of a combination of ceramic and metal, creating an extremely hard material. This makes them an ideal choice for cutting tools that are used in a variety of industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics. One of the most important characteristics of cermet inserts is their wear resistance.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is due to their hardness and durability. They are able to withstand high temperatures, as well as frequent impacts, and can maintain their shape and performance over time. This makes them a reliable choice for cutting tools that are used in the long-term. Moreover, the wear resistance of cermet inserts also extends to their ability to resist abrasion, corrosion, and chemical attack.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is further enhanced by their low coefficient of friction. This means that they can reduce friction and heat buildup when cutting, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. Additionally, the low coefficient of friction also helps to reduce tool wear and tear, leading to increased tool life.

Overall, the wear resistance of cermet inserts is an important factor to consider when selecting cutting tools for any application. Their hardness and durability make them a reliable choice for long-term use, while their low coefficient of friction helps to reduce friction and heat buildup, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. This makes them an ideal choice for a variety of industries.

Cermet inserts are made of a combination of ceramic and metal, creating an extremely hard material. This makes them an ideal choice for cutting tools that are used in a variety of industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics. One of the most important characteristics of cermet inserts is their wear resistance.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is due to their hardness and durability. They are able to withstand high temperatures, as well as frequent impacts, and can maintain their shape and performance over time. This makes them a reliable choice for cutting tools that are used in the long-term. Moreover, the wear resistance of cermet inserts also extends to their ability to resist abrasion, corrosion, and SNMG Inserts chemical attack.

The wear resistance of cermet inserts is further enhanced by their low coefficient of friction. This means that they can reduce friction and heat buildup when cutting, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. Additionally, the low coefficient of friction also helps to reduce tool wear and tear, leading to increased tool life.

Overall, the wear resistance of cermet inserts is an important factor to consider when selecting cutting tools for any application. Their hardness and durability make them a reliable choice for long-term use, while their low CNMM Inserts coefficient of friction helps to reduce friction and heat buildup, resulting in smoother and more precise cuts. This makes them an ideal choice for a variety of industries.

Understanding the Benefits of Using Negative Rake Angle Inserts

Inserts are commonly used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. This process involves the addition of metal or other hard materials to plastic parts for increased durability and strength. Here are some of the advantages of using inserts in plastic injection molding.

The primary benefit of using inserts in plastic injection molding is that it increases the strength and durability of the product. This is because the insert is usually made of a harder material, such as metal, which provides additional support to the plastic component. In addition, the insert helps to prevent the plastic from cracking or breaking under pressure or excessive force.

Another advantage of using inserts is that they can be used to produce complex shapes. This is because they can be customized to fit the design requirements of the product. By using inserts, it is possible to create products with intricate details and shapes without the need for additional machining or intricate manufacturing processes.

In addition, inserts can be used to reduce production costs. Since the inserts are usually made of a harder material, they can be used to replace more expensive plastic components. This makes it possible to produce products with greater accuracy in a shorter period of time. Moreover, the inserts can be recycled, which means that the production costs can be further reduced.

Finally, inserts can also be used to improve the aesthetic qualities of a product. By using inserts in plastic injection molding, it is possible to achieve a glossy finish or other desirable effects. This makes the product look more attractive and can help to create a better impression on customers.

In summary, inserts are widely used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. They can be used to increase the strength and durability of the product, to produce complex shapes, to reduce production costs, and to improve the aesthetic qualities of the product. Therefore, inserts offer a range of benefits to plastic injection molding products.

Inserts are commonly used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. This process involves the addition of metal or other hard materials to plastic parts for increased durability and strength. Here are some of the advantages of using inserts in plastic injection molding.

The primary benefit of using inserts in plastic injection molding is that it increases the strength and durability of the product. This is because the insert is usually made of a harder material, such as metal, which provides additional support to the plastic component. In addition, the insert helps to prevent the plastic from cracking or breaking under pressure or excessive force.

Another advantage of using inserts is that they can be used to produce complex shapes. This is because they can be customized to fit the design requirements of the product. By using inserts, it is possible to create products with intricate details and shapes without the need for additional machining or intricate manufacturing processes.

In addition, inserts DCMT Insert can be used to VNMG Cermet Inserts reduce production costs. Since the inserts are usually made of a harder material, they can be used to replace more expensive plastic components. This makes it possible to produce products with greater accuracy in a shorter period of time. Moreover, the inserts can be recycled, which means that the production costs can be further reduced.

Finally, inserts can also be used to improve the aesthetic qualities of a product. By using inserts in plastic injection molding, it is possible to achieve a glossy finish or other desirable effects. This makes the product look more attractive and can help to create a better impression on customers.

In summary, inserts are widely used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. They can be used to increase the strength and durability of the product, to produce complex shapes, to reduce production costs, and to improve the aesthetic qualities of the product. Therefore, inserts offer a range of benefits to plastic injection molding products.

Inserts are commonly used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. This process involves the addition of metal or other hard materials to plastic parts for increased durability and strength. Here are some of the advantages of using inserts in plastic injection molding.

The primary benefit of using inserts in plastic injection molding is that it increases the strength and durability of the product. This is because the insert is usually made of a harder material, such as metal, which provides additional support to the plastic component. In addition, the insert helps to prevent the plastic from cracking or breaking under pressure or excessive force.

Another advantage of using inserts is that they can be used to produce complex shapes. This is because they can be customized to fit the design requirements of the product. By using inserts, it is possible to create products with intricate details and shapes without the need for additional machining or intricate manufacturing processes.

In addition, inserts can be used to reduce production costs. Since the inserts are usually made of a harder material, they can be used to replace more expensive plastic components. This makes it possible to produce products with greater accuracy in a shorter period of time. Moreover, the inserts can be recycled, which means that the production costs can be further reduced.

Finally, inserts can also be used to improve the aesthetic qualities of a product. By using inserts in plastic injection molding, it is possible to achieve a glossy finish or other desirable effects. This makes the product look more attractive and can help to create a better impression on customers.

In summary, inserts are widely used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. They can be used to increase the strength and durability of the product, to produce complex shapes, to reduce production costs, and to improve the aesthetic qualities of the product. Therefore, inserts offer a range of benefits to plastic injection molding products.

Inserts are commonly used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. This process involves the addition of metal or other hard materials to plastic parts for increased durability and strength. Here are some of the advantages of using inserts in plastic injection molding.

The primary benefit of using inserts in plastic injection molding is that it increases the strength and durability of the product. This is because the insert is usually made of a harder material, such as metal, which provides additional support to the plastic component. In addition, the insert helps to prevent the plastic from cracking or breaking under pressure or excessive force.

Another advantage of using inserts is that they can be used to produce complex shapes. This is because they can be customized to fit the design requirements of the product. By using inserts, it is possible to create products with intricate details and shapes without the need for additional machining or intricate manufacturing processes.

In addition, inserts DCMT Insert can be used to VNMG Cermet Inserts reduce production costs. Since the inserts are usually made of a harder material, they can be used to replace more expensive plastic components. This makes it possible to produce products with greater accuracy in a shorter period of time. Moreover, the inserts can be recycled, which means that the production costs can be further reduced.

Finally, inserts can also be used to improve the aesthetic qualities of a product. By using inserts in plastic injection molding, it is possible to achieve a glossy finish or other desirable effects. This makes the product look more attractive and can help to create a better impression on customers.

In summary, inserts are widely used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. They can be used to increase the strength and durability of the product, to produce complex shapes, to reduce production costs, and to improve the aesthetic qualities of the product. Therefore, inserts offer a range of benefits to plastic injection molding products.

Inserts are commonly used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. This process involves the addition of metal or other hard materials to plastic parts for increased durability and strength. Here are some of the advantages of using inserts in plastic injection molding.

The primary benefit of using inserts in plastic injection molding is that it increases the strength and durability of the product. This is because the insert is usually made of a harder material, such as metal, which provides additional support to the plastic component. In addition, the insert helps to prevent the plastic from cracking or breaking under pressure or excessive force.

Another advantage of using inserts is that they can be used to produce complex shapes. This is because they can be customized to fit the design requirements of the product. By using inserts, it is possible to create products with intricate details and shapes without the need for additional machining or intricate manufacturing processes.

In addition, inserts can be used to reduce production costs. Since the inserts are usually made of a harder material, they can be used to replace more expensive plastic components. This makes it possible to produce products with greater accuracy in a shorter period of time. Moreover, the inserts can be recycled, which means that the production costs can be further reduced.

Finally, inserts can also be used to improve the aesthetic qualities of a product. By using inserts in plastic injection molding, it is possible to achieve a glossy finish or other desirable effects. This makes the product look more attractive and can help to create a better impression on customers.

In summary, inserts are widely used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. They can be used to increase the strength and durability of the product, to produce complex shapes, to reduce production costs, and to improve the aesthetic qualities of the product. Therefore, inserts offer a range of benefits to plastic injection molding products.

Inserts are commonly used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. This process involves the addition of metal or other hard materials to plastic parts for increased durability and strength. Here are some of the advantages of using inserts in plastic injection molding.

The primary benefit of using inserts in plastic injection molding is that it increases the strength and durability of the product. This is because the insert is usually made of a harder material, such as metal, which provides additional support to the plastic component. In addition, the insert helps to prevent the plastic from cracking or breaking under pressure or excessive force.

Another advantage of using inserts is that they can be used to produce complex shapes. This is because they can be customized to fit the design requirements of the product. By using inserts, it is possible to create products with intricate details and shapes without the need for additional machining or intricate manufacturing processes.

In addition, inserts DCMT Insert can be used to VNMG Cermet Inserts reduce production costs. Since the inserts are usually made of a harder material, they can be used to replace more expensive plastic components. This makes it possible to produce products with greater accuracy in a shorter period of time. Moreover, the inserts can be recycled, which means that the production costs can be further reduced.

Finally, inserts can also be used to improve the aesthetic qualities of a product. By using inserts in plastic injection molding, it is possible to achieve a glossy finish or other desirable effects. This makes the product look more attractive and can help to create a better impression on customers.

In summary, inserts are widely used in plastic injection molding to improve the quality and strength of a product. They can be used to increase the strength and durability of the product, to produce complex shapes, to reduce production costs, and to improve the aesthetic qualities of the product. Therefore, inserts offer a range of benefits to plastic injection molding products.

Carbide Inserts： Unlocking the Potential for High

Carbide inserts are an important industrial tool used in machining. They are designed to help improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations. Carbide inserts are made from tungsten carbide, a material known for its strength and hardness. This material is ideal for machining operations because it can withstand the high temperatures and pressures of the process. The inserts are designed to fit into a machine’s tool holder and are used to cut and shape metal or other materials.

Carbide inserts contribute to reduced machining vibrations and improved stability due to their strength and hardness. The inserts help reduce chatter, which is the vibration that occurs during machining. The inserts also help reduce the amount of vibration transferred to the workpiece, which can cause the piece to become distorted or bent. The inserts also increase the stability of the cutting process, as they help to ensure that the cutting force is evenly distributed across the workpiece. This helps to reduce the risk of the workpiece becoming distorted or bent during the machining process.

The use of carbide inserts also helps to improve the accuracy of the machining process. The inserts are designed to provide a consistent surface finish, which helps to ensure accuracy. The inserts also help to reduce the amount of heat generated during the process. This helps to maintain the accuracy of the machining operation and prevent the workpiece from becoming distorted or bent.

In summary, carbide inserts are an important tool for machining operations. They help to reduce machining vibrations, improve stability, and increase accuracy. The use of carbide inserts can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations, and are an important tool for many industrial operations.

Carbide inserts are an important industrial tool used in machining. They are designed to help improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations. Carbide inserts are made from tungsten carbide, a material known for its strength and hardness. This material is ideal for machining operations because it can withstand the high temperatures and pressures of the process. The inserts are designed to fit into a machine’s tool holder and are used to cut and shape metal or other materials.

Carbide inserts contribute to reduced machining vibrations and improved stability due to their strength and hardness. The inserts help reduce chatter, which is the vibration that occurs during machining. The inserts also help reduce the amount of vibration transferred to the workpiece, which can cause the piece to become distorted or bent. The inserts also increase the stability of the cutting process, as they help to ensure that the cutting force Carbide Grooving Inserts is evenly distributed across the workpiece. This helps to reduce the risk of the workpiece becoming distorted or bent during the machining process.

The use of carbide inserts also helps to improve the accuracy of the machining process. The inserts are designed to provide a consistent surface finish, which helps to ensure accuracy. The inserts also help to reduce the amount of heat generated during the process. This helps to maintain the accuracy of the machining operation and CNC Inserts prevent the workpiece from becoming distorted or bent.

In summary, carbide inserts are an important tool for machining operations. They help to reduce machining vibrations, improve stability, and increase accuracy. The use of carbide inserts can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations, and are an important tool for many industrial operations.

Carbide inserts are an important industrial tool used in machining. They are designed to help improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations. Carbide inserts are made from tungsten carbide, a material known for its strength and hardness. This material is ideal for machining operations because it can withstand the high temperatures and pressures of the process. The inserts are designed to fit into a machine’s tool holder and are used to cut and shape metal or other materials.

Carbide inserts contribute to reduced machining vibrations and improved stability due to their strength and hardness. The inserts help reduce chatter, which is the vibration that occurs during machining. The inserts also help reduce the amount of vibration transferred to the workpiece, which can cause the piece to become distorted or bent. The inserts also increase the stability of the cutting process, as they help to ensure that the cutting force is evenly distributed across the workpiece. This helps to reduce the risk of the workpiece becoming distorted or bent during the machining process.

The use of carbide inserts also helps to improve the accuracy of the machining process. The inserts are designed to provide a consistent surface finish, which helps to ensure accuracy. The inserts also help to reduce the amount of heat generated during the process. This helps to maintain the accuracy of the machining operation and prevent the workpiece from becoming distorted or bent.

In summary, carbide inserts are an important tool for machining operations. They help to reduce machining vibrations, improve stability, and increase accuracy. The use of carbide inserts can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations, and are an important tool for many industrial operations.

Carbide inserts are an important industrial tool used in machining. They are designed to help improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations. Carbide inserts are made from tungsten carbide, a material known for its strength and hardness. This material is ideal for machining operations because it can withstand the high temperatures and pressures of the process. The inserts are designed to fit into a machine’s tool holder and are used to cut and shape metal or other materials.

Carbide inserts contribute to reduced machining vibrations and improved stability due to their strength and hardness. The inserts help reduce chatter, which is the vibration that occurs during machining. The inserts also help reduce the amount of vibration transferred to the workpiece, which can cause the piece to become distorted or bent. The inserts also increase the stability of the cutting process, as they help to ensure that the cutting force Carbide Grooving Inserts is evenly distributed across the workpiece. This helps to reduce the risk of the workpiece becoming distorted or bent during the machining process.

The use of carbide inserts also helps to improve the accuracy of the machining process. The inserts are designed to provide a consistent surface finish, which helps to ensure accuracy. The inserts also help to reduce the amount of heat generated during the process. This helps to maintain the accuracy of the machining operation and CNC Inserts prevent the workpiece from becoming distorted or bent.

In summary, carbide inserts are an important tool for machining operations. They help to reduce machining vibrations, improve stability, and increase accuracy. The use of carbide inserts can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations, and are an important tool for many industrial operations.

Carbide inserts are an important industrial tool used in machining. They are designed to help improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations. Carbide inserts are made from tungsten carbide, a material known for its strength and hardness. This material is ideal for machining operations because it can withstand the high temperatures and pressures of the process. The inserts are designed to fit into a machine’s tool holder and are used to cut and shape metal or other materials.

Carbide inserts contribute to reduced machining vibrations and improved stability due to their strength and hardness. The inserts help reduce chatter, which is the vibration that occurs during machining. The inserts also help reduce the amount of vibration transferred to the workpiece, which can cause the piece to become distorted or bent. The inserts also increase the stability of the cutting process, as they help to ensure that the cutting force is evenly distributed across the workpiece. This helps to reduce the risk of the workpiece becoming distorted or bent during the machining process.

The use of carbide inserts also helps to improve the accuracy of the machining process. The inserts are designed to provide a consistent surface finish, which helps to ensure accuracy. The inserts also help to reduce the amount of heat generated during the process. This helps to maintain the accuracy of the machining operation and prevent the workpiece from becoming distorted or bent.

In summary, carbide inserts are an important tool for machining operations. They help to reduce machining vibrations, improve stability, and increase accuracy. The use of carbide inserts can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations, and are an important tool for many industrial operations.

Carbide inserts are an important industrial tool used in machining. They are designed to help improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations. Carbide inserts are made from tungsten carbide, a material known for its strength and hardness. This material is ideal for machining operations because it can withstand the high temperatures and pressures of the process. The inserts are designed to fit into a machine’s tool holder and are used to cut and shape metal or other materials.

Carbide inserts contribute to reduced machining vibrations and improved stability due to their strength and hardness. The inserts help reduce chatter, which is the vibration that occurs during machining. The inserts also help reduce the amount of vibration transferred to the workpiece, which can cause the piece to become distorted or bent. The inserts also increase the stability of the cutting process, as they help to ensure that the cutting force Carbide Grooving Inserts is evenly distributed across the workpiece. This helps to reduce the risk of the workpiece becoming distorted or bent during the machining process.

The use of carbide inserts also helps to improve the accuracy of the machining process. The inserts are designed to provide a consistent surface finish, which helps to ensure accuracy. The inserts also help to reduce the amount of heat generated during the process. This helps to maintain the accuracy of the machining operation and CNC Inserts prevent the workpiece from becoming distorted or bent.

In summary, carbide inserts are an important tool for machining operations. They help to reduce machining vibrations, improve stability, and increase accuracy. The use of carbide inserts can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations, and are an important tool for many industrial operations.

Indexable Inserts for Threading Applications Tips for Optimal Performance

CNC inserts are one of the most important aspects of modern machine tooling. They are used to cut and shape materials into the desired Cemented Carbide Inserts shape and size, and have a variety of applications in manufacturing, engineering, and many other industries. As technology advances, so too do the types of CNC inserts available, and the future of CNC inserts is looking very promising. Here, we discuss some of the latest trends and innovations in CNC inserts that are worth watching.

One of the most promising trends in CNC inserts is the development of multi-axis CNC inserts. These inserts allow for more complex shapes to be cut, and they can be used to produce a variety of shapes and sizes with greater precision than ever before. This makes them ideal for use in the aerospace and automotive industries, as well as in many other sectors. Multi-axis CNC inserts are also becoming more affordable, which means that more businesses are able to benefit from their use.

Another TNGG Insert trend that is worth noting is the development of new materials for CNC inserts. Materials such as carbon fiber, titanium, and other high-strength materials are being used more and more, as they are capable of providing greater precision and increased durability. This means that CNC inserts are becoming more reliable and longer-lasting, making them ideal for a wide range of applications.

Finally, 3D printing is revolutionizing the CNC insert industry. 3D printing allows for more complex shapes and sizes to be cut, and they can also be used to produce a variety of shapes and sizes with greater precision than ever before. This makes 3D printing an ideal choice for CNC insert users, as it allows for greater flexibility and precision.

The future of CNC inserts is looking bright, and there are a number of exciting trends and innovations to watch out for. Multi-axis CNC inserts, new materials, and 3D printing are all making CNC inserts more reliable and more affordable, which is good news for businesses and consumers alike. As more businesses adopt these new technologies, the future of CNC inserts is sure to be an exciting one.

CNC inserts are one of the most important aspects of modern machine tooling. They are used to cut and shape materials into the desired Cemented Carbide Inserts shape and size, and have a variety of applications in manufacturing, engineering, and many other industries. As technology advances, so too do the types of CNC inserts available, and the future of CNC inserts is looking very promising. Here, we discuss some of the latest trends and innovations in CNC inserts that are worth watching.

One of the most promising trends in CNC inserts is the development of multi-axis CNC inserts. These inserts allow for more complex shapes to be cut, and they can be used to produce a variety of shapes and sizes with greater precision than ever before. This makes them ideal for use in the aerospace and automotive industries, as well as in many other sectors. Multi-axis CNC inserts are also becoming more affordable, which means that more businesses are able to benefit from their use.

Another TNGG Insert trend that is worth noting is the development of new materials for CNC inserts. Materials such as carbon fiber, titanium, and other high-strength materials are being used more and more, as they are capable of providing greater precision and increased durability. This means that CNC inserts are becoming more reliable and longer-lasting, making them ideal for a wide range of applications.

Finally, 3D printing is revolutionizing the CNC insert industry. 3D printing allows for more complex shapes and sizes to be cut, and they can also be used to produce a variety of shapes and sizes with greater precision than ever before. This makes 3D printing an ideal choice for CNC insert users, as it allows for greater flexibility and precision.

The future of CNC inserts is looking bright, and there are a number of exciting trends and innovations to watch out for. Multi-axis CNC inserts, new materials, and 3D printing are all making CNC inserts more reliable and more affordable, which is good news for businesses and consumers alike. As more businesses adopt these new technologies, the future of CNC inserts is sure to be an exciting one.

CNC inserts are one of the most important aspects of modern machine tooling. They are used to cut and shape materials into the desired Cemented Carbide Inserts shape and size, and have a variety of applications in manufacturing, engineering, and many other industries. As technology advances, so too do the types of CNC inserts available, and the future of CNC inserts is looking very promising. Here, we discuss some of the latest trends and innovations in CNC inserts that are worth watching.

One of the most promising trends in CNC inserts is the development of multi-axis CNC inserts. These inserts allow for more complex shapes to be cut, and they can be used to produce a variety of shapes and sizes with greater precision than ever before. This makes them ideal for use in the aerospace and automotive industries, as well as in many other sectors. Multi-axis CNC inserts are also becoming more affordable, which means that more businesses are able to benefit from their use.

Another TNGG Insert trend that is worth noting is the development of new materials for CNC inserts. Materials such as carbon fiber, titanium, and other high-strength materials are being used more and more, as they are capable of providing greater precision and increased durability. This means that CNC inserts are becoming more reliable and longer-lasting, making them ideal for a wide range of applications.

Finally, 3D printing is revolutionizing the CNC insert industry. 3D printing allows for more complex shapes and sizes to be cut, and they can also be used to produce a variety of shapes and sizes with greater precision than ever before. This makes 3D printing an ideal choice for CNC insert users, as it allows for greater flexibility and precision.

The future of CNC inserts is looking bright, and there are a number of exciting trends and innovations to watch out for. Multi-axis CNC inserts, new materials, and 3D printing are all making CNC inserts more reliable and more affordable, which is good news for businesses and consumers alike. As more businesses adopt these new technologies, the future of CNC inserts is sure to be an exciting one.

Can carbide inserts be used for both internal and external parting-off operations

The railway industry is one of the most important transportation systems in the world, and its safety and reliability are of paramount importance. To ensure that the railway system functions optimally, an efficient and dependable component is needed. This is when carbide inserts come into play. Carbide inserts are an WNMG Insert essential part of railway systems, providing the necessary safety and reliability to the system.

Carbide inserts are made from a combination of tungsten, cobalt, and other metals, making them highly durable and wear-resistant. This makes them ideal for use in railway systems, as they can withstand the harsh environment of the railway tracks. Moreover, carbide inserts are also resistant to corrosion and temperature fluctuations, further adding to their reliability. The inserts are manufactured to exacting standards, ensuring that they are of the highest quality and can function in any weather conditions.

In addition to providing safety and reliability, carbide inserts also help to reduce maintenance costs. The inserts are designed to be self-lubricating, allowing them to function without any additional lubrication. This reduces the amount of oil and grease needed to maintain the system, resulting in cost savings. Furthermore, carbide inserts can CNMG Insert also increase the lifespan of the tracks, as they do not need to be replaced as often as other materials.

Overall, carbide inserts are an essential component of railway systems, providing safety and reliability. They are designed to last for many years and can withstand extreme weather conditions, making them ideal for use in railway systems. With their ability to reduce costs and increase the lifespan of the tracks, carbide inserts are essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of railway systems.

The railway industry is one of the most important transportation systems in the world, and its safety and reliability are of paramount importance. To ensure that the railway system functions optimally, an efficient and dependable component is needed. This is when carbide inserts come into play. Carbide inserts are an WNMG Insert essential part of railway systems, providing the necessary safety and reliability to the system.

Carbide inserts are made from a combination of tungsten, cobalt, and other metals, making them highly durable and wear-resistant. This makes them ideal for use in railway systems, as they can withstand the harsh environment of the railway tracks. Moreover, carbide inserts are also resistant to corrosion and temperature fluctuations, further adding to their reliability. The inserts are manufactured to exacting standards, ensuring that they are of the highest quality and can function in any weather conditions.

In addition to providing safety and reliability, carbide inserts also help to reduce maintenance costs. The inserts are designed to be self-lubricating, allowing them to function without any additional lubrication. This reduces the amount of oil and grease needed to maintain the system, resulting in cost savings. Furthermore, carbide inserts can CNMG Insert also increase the lifespan of the tracks, as they do not need to be replaced as often as other materials.

Overall, carbide inserts are an essential component of railway systems, providing safety and reliability. They are designed to last for many years and can withstand extreme weather conditions, making them ideal for use in railway systems. With their ability to reduce costs and increase the lifespan of the tracks, carbide inserts are essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of railway systems.

The railway industry is one of the most important transportation systems in the world, and its safety and reliability are of paramount importance. To ensure that the railway system functions optimally, an efficient and dependable component is needed. This is when carbide inserts come into play. Carbide inserts are an WNMG Insert essential part of railway systems, providing the necessary safety and reliability to the system.

Carbide inserts are made from a combination of tungsten, cobalt, and other metals, making them highly durable and wear-resistant. This makes them ideal for use in railway systems, as they can withstand the harsh environment of the railway tracks. Moreover, carbide inserts are also resistant to corrosion and temperature fluctuations, further adding to their reliability. The inserts are manufactured to exacting standards, ensuring that they are of the highest quality and can function in any weather conditions.

In addition to providing safety and reliability, carbide inserts also help to reduce maintenance costs. The inserts are designed to be self-lubricating, allowing them to function without any additional lubrication. This reduces the amount of oil and grease needed to maintain the system, resulting in cost savings. Furthermore, carbide inserts can CNMG Insert also increase the lifespan of the tracks, as they do not need to be replaced as often as other materials.

Overall, carbide inserts are an essential component of railway systems, providing safety and reliability. They are designed to last for many years and can withstand extreme weather conditions, making them ideal for use in railway systems. With their ability to reduce costs and increase the lifespan of the tracks, carbide inserts are essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of railway systems.

Optimizing Cutting Parameters with Customizable Inserts

“The bad news is time flies. The good news is you’re the pilot.” — Michael Altshuler

Alloy steel used for tool making is well-suited for producing tools such as hand tools and machine dies. The hardness, abrasion resistance, and ability to maintain shape at high temperatures are key characteristics of this material. Heat-treated tool steel is often used because it has a higher hardness.

Low-alloy steel is commonly known as "Alloy steel" in actuality, whereas High-alloy steel is "Tool steel." The term tool steel stems from this material group mainly used to make cutting, pressing, extruding, and other tools.?

Due to added chemical qualities like vanadium, certain grades have increased corrosion resistance. In addition, the manganese concentration of some grades is limited to reduce the risk of cracking during water hardening. Other classes provide alternatives to water for hardening the material, such as oil.

Their hardness, resistance to wear and deformation, and ability to maintain a cutting edge at high temperatures all contribute to their applicability. Tool steels are categorized into numerous main classes, with some of them subdivided further based on alloy composition, hardenability, or mechanical characteristics.

Water-Hardening Tool Steels (Carbon Tool Steels)

These are classified as Type W by AISI, and their usable qualities are exclusively determined by carbon content. Because these steels come in shallow, medium, and deep hardening varieties, the alloy chosen is determined by the cross-section of the item and the desired surface and core hardnesses.

Steels Resistant To Shock (Type S)

They're sturdy and durable, but they're not as wear-resistant as other tool steels. These steels can withstand both one-time and recurring loads. Pneumatic tooling components, chisels, punches, shear blades, bolts, and springs exposed to mild heat in service are examples of applications.

Tool Steels for Cold Work

Oil and air-hardening are two examples. Varieties O, A, and D are more expensive than water-hardening types, but they CCGT Insert can be quenched more easily. Type O steels are oil hardening, whereas Type A and D steels are air-hardening (with the least severe quench) and are best suited for machine ways, brick mold liners, and fuel injector nozzles.

Thin parts or components with extreme variations in cross-section parts that are prone to cracking or distorting during hardening - are designated for air-hardening types. These steels have a high surface hardness when hardened; nonetheless, these steels should not be specified for use at high temperatures.

Hot-Work Steels (Type H)

These serve nicely at high temperatures. The tungsten and molybdenum high-alloy hot-work steels are heat and abrasion-resistant. Although these alloys do not soften at these high temperatures, they should be warmed before and cooled gently Carbide Drilling Inserts after service to avoid breaking.?

The chromium grades of hot-work steels are less costly than the tungsten and molybdenum grades. One of the chrome grades, H11, is used widely for airplane parts such as principal cargo-support lugs, catapult hooks, airframe structures, and elevon hinges. Grade H13, identical to H11, is typically more easily accessible from vendors.

High-Speed Tool Steels (Tungsten & Molybdenum Alloy)

These produce good cutting tools because they resist softening and maintain a sharp cutting edge at high service temperatures. This trait is also dubbed "red hardness." These deep-hardening alloys are utilized for sustained, high-load circumstances rather than shock stresses. Typical applications include pump vanes and pieces for heavy-duty strapping machines.

Mold Steels of Type P

These steels are specially intended for plastic-molding and zinc die-casting dies. Nontooling components are rarely made from these steels.

Special-Purpose Tool Steels

Other grades include low-cost, Type L, and low-alloy steels, commonly requested for machine components when wear resistance combined with toughness is necessary. Carbon-tungsten alloys (Type F) are wear-resistant and shallow hardening. However, they are not appropriate for high temperature or shock use.

At SCTools, alloys have an AISI designation identified by their commercial name. The specifications for these materials are based on their mechanical characteristics, heat-treat behavior, and availability. We design tool-steel alloys that will work with a wide range of industrial tools.

If you have any questions about carbide?cutting tools, end mills, drills, etc. be sure to reach out to us @?sctools.co/Home?or call us at [phone].?We help you machine better!?

“The bad news is time flies. The good news is you’re the pilot.” — Michael Altshuler

Alloy steel used for tool making is well-suited for producing tools such as hand tools and machine dies. The hardness, abrasion resistance, and ability to maintain shape at high temperatures are key characteristics of this material. Heat-treated tool steel is often used because it has a higher hardness.

Low-alloy steel is commonly known as "Alloy steel" in actuality, whereas High-alloy steel is "Tool steel." The term tool steel stems from this material group mainly used to make cutting, pressing, extruding, and other tools.?

Due to added chemical qualities like vanadium, certain grades have increased corrosion resistance. In addition, the manganese concentration of some grades is limited to reduce the risk of cracking during water hardening. Other classes provide alternatives to water for hardening the material, such as oil.

Their hardness, resistance to wear and deformation, and ability to maintain a cutting edge at high temperatures all contribute to their applicability. Tool steels are categorized into numerous main classes, with some of them subdivided further based on alloy composition, hardenability, or mechanical characteristics.

Water-Hardening Tool Steels (Carbon Tool Steels)

These are classified as Type W by AISI, and their usable qualities are exclusively determined by carbon content. Because these steels come in shallow, medium, and deep hardening varieties, the alloy chosen is determined by the cross-section of the item and the desired surface and core hardnesses.

Steels Resistant To Shock (Type S)

They're sturdy and durable, but they're not as wear-resistant as other tool steels. These steels can withstand both one-time and recurring loads. Pneumatic tooling components, chisels, punches, shear blades, bolts, and springs exposed to mild heat in service are examples of applications.

Tool Steels for Cold Work

Oil and air-hardening are two examples. Varieties O, A, and D are more expensive than water-hardening types, but they CCGT Insert can be quenched more easily. Type O steels are oil hardening, whereas Type A and D steels are air-hardening (with the least severe quench) and are best suited for machine ways, brick mold liners, and fuel injector nozzles.

Thin parts or components with extreme variations in cross-section parts that are prone to cracking or distorting during hardening - are designated for air-hardening types. These steels have a high surface hardness when hardened; nonetheless, these steels should not be specified for use at high temperatures.

Hot-Work Steels (Type H)

These serve nicely at high temperatures. The tungsten and molybdenum high-alloy hot-work steels are heat and abrasion-resistant. Although these alloys do not soften at these high temperatures, they should be warmed before and cooled gently Carbide Drilling Inserts after service to avoid breaking.?

The chromium grades of hot-work steels are less costly than the tungsten and molybdenum grades. One of the chrome grades, H11, is used widely for airplane parts such as principal cargo-support lugs, catapult hooks, airframe structures, and elevon hinges. Grade H13, identical to H11, is typically more easily accessible from vendors.

High-Speed Tool Steels (Tungsten & Molybdenum Alloy)

These produce good cutting tools because they resist softening and maintain a sharp cutting edge at high service temperatures. This trait is also dubbed "red hardness." These deep-hardening alloys are utilized for sustained, high-load circumstances rather than shock stresses. Typical applications include pump vanes and pieces for heavy-duty strapping machines.

Mold Steels of Type P

These steels are specially intended for plastic-molding and zinc die-casting dies. Nontooling components are rarely made from these steels.

Special-Purpose Tool Steels

Other grades include low-cost, Type L, and low-alloy steels, commonly requested for machine components when wear resistance combined with toughness is necessary. Carbon-tungsten alloys (Type F) are wear-resistant and shallow hardening. However, they are not appropriate for high temperature or shock use.

At SCTools, alloys have an AISI designation identified by their commercial name. The specifications for these materials are based on their mechanical characteristics, heat-treat behavior, and availability. We design tool-steel alloys that will work with a wide range of industrial tools.

If you have any questions about carbide?cutting tools, end mills, drills, etc. be sure to reach out to us @?sctools.co/Home?or call us at [phone].?We help you machine better!?

“The bad news is time flies. The good news is you’re the pilot.” — Michael Altshuler

Alloy steel used for tool making is well-suited for producing tools such as hand tools and machine dies. The hardness, abrasion resistance, and ability to maintain shape at high temperatures are key characteristics of this material. Heat-treated tool steel is often used because it has a higher hardness.

Low-alloy steel is commonly known as "Alloy steel" in actuality, whereas High-alloy steel is "Tool steel." The term tool steel stems from this material group mainly used to make cutting, pressing, extruding, and other tools.?

Due to added chemical qualities like vanadium, certain grades have increased corrosion resistance. In addition, the manganese concentration of some grades is limited to reduce the risk of cracking during water hardening. Other classes provide alternatives to water for hardening the material, such as oil.

Their hardness, resistance to wear and deformation, and ability to maintain a cutting edge at high temperatures all contribute to their applicability. Tool steels are categorized into numerous main classes, with some of them subdivided further based on alloy composition, hardenability, or mechanical characteristics.

Water-Hardening Tool Steels (Carbon Tool Steels)

These are classified as Type W by AISI, and their usable qualities are exclusively determined by carbon content. Because these steels come in shallow, medium, and deep hardening varieties, the alloy chosen is determined by the cross-section of the item and the desired surface and core hardnesses.

Steels Resistant To Shock (Type S)

They're sturdy and durable, but they're not as wear-resistant as other tool steels. These steels can withstand both one-time and recurring loads. Pneumatic tooling components, chisels, punches, shear blades, bolts, and springs exposed to mild heat in service are examples of applications.

Tool Steels for Cold Work

Oil and air-hardening are two examples. Varieties O, A, and D are more expensive than water-hardening types, but they CCGT Insert can be quenched more easily. Type O steels are oil hardening, whereas Type A and D steels are air-hardening (with the least severe quench) and are best suited for machine ways, brick mold liners, and fuel injector nozzles.

Thin parts or components with extreme variations in cross-section parts that are prone to cracking or distorting during hardening - are designated for air-hardening types. These steels have a high surface hardness when hardened; nonetheless, these steels should not be specified for use at high temperatures.

Hot-Work Steels (Type H)

These serve nicely at high temperatures. The tungsten and molybdenum high-alloy hot-work steels are heat and abrasion-resistant. Although these alloys do not soften at these high temperatures, they should be warmed before and cooled gently Carbide Drilling Inserts after service to avoid breaking.?

The chromium grades of hot-work steels are less costly than the tungsten and molybdenum grades. One of the chrome grades, H11, is used widely for airplane parts such as principal cargo-support lugs, catapult hooks, airframe structures, and elevon hinges. Grade H13, identical to H11, is typically more easily accessible from vendors.

High-Speed Tool Steels (Tungsten & Molybdenum Alloy)

These produce good cutting tools because they resist softening and maintain a sharp cutting edge at high service temperatures. This trait is also dubbed "red hardness." These deep-hardening alloys are utilized for sustained, high-load circumstances rather than shock stresses. Typical applications include pump vanes and pieces for heavy-duty strapping machines.

Mold Steels of Type P

These steels are specially intended for plastic-molding and zinc die-casting dies. Nontooling components are rarely made from these steels.

Special-Purpose Tool Steels

Other grades include low-cost, Type L, and low-alloy steels, commonly requested for machine components when wear resistance combined with toughness is necessary. Carbon-tungsten alloys (Type F) are wear-resistant and shallow hardening. However, they are not appropriate for high temperature or shock use.

At SCTools, alloys have an AISI designation identified by their commercial name. The specifications for these materials are based on their mechanical characteristics, heat-treat behavior, and availability. We design tool-steel alloys that will work with a wide range of industrial tools.

If you have any questions about carbide?cutting tools, end mills, drills, etc. be sure to reach out to us @?sctools.co/Home?or call us at [phone].?We help you machine better!?

What Are Snowmobile Carbides？

The renewable energy industry is seeing an increased focus on the use of carbide inserts to enable efficient wind and solar power generation. Carbide inserts are used to cut through materials and provide a precise fit and finish, making them ideal for use in the production of renewable energy components such as wind turbines and solar panels. Carbide inserts allow for tungsten carbide inserts more precise and efficient cutting, which leads to a more efficient production process and a higher quality product.

Carbide inserts are particularly beneficial in the renewable energy industry due to their ability to cut through hard materials with minimal wear. This makes them ideal for use in the production of parts for wind turbines and solar panels, which need to be able to withstand the harsh conditions of the outdoors. Carbide inserts are also resistant to corrosion, making them an ideal choice for use in the renewable energy industry.

The use of carbide inserts in the renewable energy industry also reduces the cost of production. By using carbide inserts, manufacturers can reduce the amount of time and labor needed to produce components, leading to lower production costs. Furthermore, because carbide RCMX Insert inserts are more efficient at cutting through materials, the parts they produce are of higher quality, leading to improved performance and reliability.

Overall, carbide inserts are a key part of the renewable energy industry. They allow for more efficient and precise cutting, leading to improved efficiency and quality in the production process. Furthermore, they are resistant to corrosion and reduce the cost of production, making them ideal for use in the renewable energy industry.

The renewable energy industry is seeing an increased focus on the use of carbide inserts to enable efficient wind and solar power generation. Carbide inserts are used to cut through materials and provide a precise fit and finish, making them ideal for use in the production of renewable energy components such as wind turbines and solar panels. Carbide inserts allow for tungsten carbide inserts more precise and efficient cutting, which leads to a more efficient production process and a higher quality product.

Carbide inserts are particularly beneficial in the renewable energy industry due to their ability to cut through hard materials with minimal wear. This makes them ideal for use in the production of parts for wind turbines and solar panels, which need to be able to withstand the harsh conditions of the outdoors. Carbide inserts are also resistant to corrosion, making them an ideal choice for use in the renewable energy industry.

The use of carbide inserts in the renewable energy industry also reduces the cost of production. By using carbide inserts, manufacturers can reduce the amount of time and labor needed to produce components, leading to lower production costs. Furthermore, because carbide RCMX Insert inserts are more efficient at cutting through materials, the parts they produce are of higher quality, leading to improved performance and reliability.

Overall, carbide inserts are a key part of the renewable energy industry. They allow for more efficient and precise cutting, leading to improved efficiency and quality in the production process. Furthermore, they are resistant to corrosion and reduce the cost of production, making them ideal for use in the renewable energy industry.

The renewable energy industry is seeing an increased focus on the use of carbide inserts to enable efficient wind and solar power generation. Carbide inserts are used to cut through materials and provide a precise fit and finish, making them ideal for use in the production of renewable energy components such as wind turbines and solar panels. Carbide inserts allow for tungsten carbide inserts more precise and efficient cutting, which leads to a more efficient production process and a higher quality product.

Carbide inserts are particularly beneficial in the renewable energy industry due to their ability to cut through hard materials with minimal wear. This makes them ideal for use in the production of parts for wind turbines and solar panels, which need to be able to withstand the harsh conditions of the outdoors. Carbide inserts are also resistant to corrosion, making them an ideal choice for use in the renewable energy industry.

The use of carbide inserts in the renewable energy industry also reduces the cost of production. By using carbide inserts, manufacturers can reduce the amount of time and labor needed to produce components, leading to lower production costs. Furthermore, because carbide RCMX Insert inserts are more efficient at cutting through materials, the parts they produce are of higher quality, leading to improved performance and reliability.

Overall, carbide inserts are a key part of the renewable energy industry. They allow for more efficient and precise cutting, leading to improved efficiency and quality in the production process. Furthermore, they are resistant to corrosion and reduce the cost of production, making them ideal for use in the renewable energy industry.

Cutting Heat’s Crucial Impact on Tools’ Lifespan

Today we’ll talk about a interesting and basal concept “interpolation”. From a long time ago, engineers have been thinking about how to use machine tools to process workpieces into curves. Their primary idea is to divide the motion coordinates of the tool and the workpiece into some minimum unit quantities, i.e. the minimum displacement. The CNC system will move the coordinates by several minimum displacement quantities (i.e. control the tool motion trajectory) according to the requirements of the part program, so as to realize the relative motion of the tool and the workpiece and complete the processing of the part.

Contents hide 1developed LATHE ALLOW INTERPOLATION 2concepts of Interpolation and pulse equivalent 3Classification of interpolation method 3.1Linear interpolation 3.2Arc interpolation 3.3Real time interpolation algorithm for complex curvedeveloped LATHE ALLOW INTERPOLATION

Before the information age, the motor used in the lathe could not change speed and move in the work, and there were many technical defects that were difficult to overcome in the face of precision machining. With the APKT Insert progress of technology, the machine tool has started to be updated.

Now, the automation technology has been further improved on CNC lathe, and the development of numerical control technology has entered the era of motion controller. In the open system of “PC + motion controller”, the machine tool processing has obtained stronger information processing ability, more accurate motion trajectory and better versatility.

However, although the technology has been improved, the processing needs to face more difficulties. In the process of workpiece processing, the machine tool often has to face irregular curve or arc processing. Although the machine tool can well complete the relative movement of linear segments, arcs or other analytical spline curves, in the face of irregular “free” movement, the machine tool has to rely Lathe Carbide Inserts on multi-axis motion control and interpolation.

Drive controlled old?school?latheconcepts of Interpolation and pulse equivalent

Interpolation is the process of determining the motion path of the tool on the CNC machine tool according to a certain method. According to the given speed and trajectory, add some new intermediate points between the known points of the trajectory, and control the workpiece table and the tool to pass through these intermediate points, so that the whole movement can be completed. To put it mildly, it means that the tool uses broken lines to draw the curve to be processed one by one, which is equivalent to approximating the required curve and surface with several small segments and arcs.

The relative movement of the tool along each coordinate axis is in the unit of pulse equivalent (mm / pulse). When the tool path is a straight line or an arc, the numerical control device performs “densification of data points” between the starting point and the end point coordinate values of the line segment or arc, obtains the coordinate values of a series of intermediate points, and then outputs pulses to each coordinate according to the coordinate values of the intermediate points to ensure that the required straight line or arc contour is processed.

Classification of interpolation method

Interpolation methods include linear interpolation, arc interpolation, spline interpolation, etc. As the name implies, linear interpolation is completed by the tool in a linear motion between two points; Arc interpolation is to calculate the point groups approaching the actual arc according to the interpolation digital information between the end points, control the cutter to move along these points, and process the arc curve.

The outline of a part is often various, including straight line, arc, arbitrary curve, spline, etc The tool of CNC machine tool can not be moved by the actual contour of the curve, but is moved by several small straight lines approximately, and the direction of tool moving is generally X and Y directions. Interpolation methods include: linear interpolation, arc interpolation, parabolic interpolation, spline interpolation, etc.

Linear interpolation

Line interpolation is a commonly used interpolation method on the lathe. In this method, the interpolation between two points is approximated along the point group of the straight line, and the motion of the tool is controlled along the straight line. The so-called linear interpolation is the interpolation method that can only be used for the actual contour is a straight line (if it is not a straight line, the curve can also be approximated by a segment of a line in the way of approximation, so that each segment can be interpolated by a straight line) First, assume that the starting point of the actual contour is a short section along the X direction (one pulse equivalent), and if the end point is found below the actual contour, the next line segment is a short section along the Y direction.

If the end point of the line segment is still below the actual contour, continue to walk a short section along the Y direction until it is above the actual contour, and then walk a short section in the X direction, and repeat the cycle until the end point of the contour is reached In this way, the actual contour is spliced by segments of broken lines. Although it is a broken line, if each segment of the cutting line is very small (within the allowable range of accuracy), then this segment of broken lines and the actual contour can be roughly regarded as the same curve, which is straight line interpolation

Arc interpolation

Circular interpolation is an interpolation method. In this method, according to the interpolation digital information between the points at both ends, the point group approaching the actual arc is calculated, and the cutter is controlled to move along these points to process the arc curve.

Real time interpolation algorithm for complex curve

Traditional CNC only provides linear and arc interpolation, while non-linear and arc curves are interpolated by segmented fitting of linear and arc. This method will lead to a series of problems such as large amount of data, poor accuracy, uneven feed speed and complex programming when processing complex curves, which will inevitably have a great impact on the processing quality and processing cost. Many people begin to seek a direct interpolation method for complex freeform curves and surfaces.

In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of in-depth research on this, which has also produced many new interpolation methods. Such as aakima spline curve interpolation, cubic spline curve interpolation, Bezier curve interpolation, Pythagorean hodggraph curve interpolation, B-spline curve interpolation, etc. Because of the many advantages of B-spline curve, especially its powerful function in representing and designing the shape of free-form curve and surface, the research on the direct interpolation algorithm of free-space curve and surface is mostly focused on it.

Today we’ll talk about a interesting and basal concept “interpolation”. From a long time ago, engineers have been thinking about how to use machine tools to process workpieces into curves. Their primary idea is to divide the motion coordinates of the tool and the workpiece into some minimum unit quantities, i.e. the minimum displacement. The CNC system will move the coordinates by several minimum displacement quantities (i.e. control the tool motion trajectory) according to the requirements of the part program, so as to realize the relative motion of the tool and the workpiece and complete the processing of the part.

Contents hide 1developed LATHE ALLOW INTERPOLATION 2concepts of Interpolation and pulse equivalent 3Classification of interpolation method 3.1Linear interpolation 3.2Arc interpolation 3.3Real time interpolation algorithm for complex curvedeveloped LATHE ALLOW INTERPOLATION

Before the information age, the motor used in the lathe could not change speed and move in the work, and there were many technical defects that were difficult to overcome in the face of precision machining. With the APKT Insert progress of technology, the machine tool has started to be updated.

Now, the automation technology has been further improved on CNC lathe, and the development of numerical control technology has entered the era of motion controller. In the open system of “PC + motion controller”, the machine tool processing has obtained stronger information processing ability, more accurate motion trajectory and better versatility.

However, although the technology has been improved, the processing needs to face more difficulties. In the process of workpiece processing, the machine tool often has to face irregular curve or arc processing. Although the machine tool can well complete the relative movement of linear segments, arcs or other analytical spline curves, in the face of irregular “free” movement, the machine tool has to rely Lathe Carbide Inserts on multi-axis motion control and interpolation.

Drive controlled old?school?latheconcepts of Interpolation and pulse equivalent

Interpolation is the process of determining the motion path of the tool on the CNC machine tool according to a certain method. According to the given speed and trajectory, add some new intermediate points between the known points of the trajectory, and control the workpiece table and the tool to pass through these intermediate points, so that the whole movement can be completed. To put it mildly, it means that the tool uses broken lines to draw the curve to be processed one by one, which is equivalent to approximating the required curve and surface with several small segments and arcs.

The relative movement of the tool along each coordinate axis is in the unit of pulse equivalent (mm / pulse). When the tool path is a straight line or an arc, the numerical control device performs “densification of data points” between the starting point and the end point coordinate values of the line segment or arc, obtains the coordinate values of a series of intermediate points, and then outputs pulses to each coordinate according to the coordinate values of the intermediate points to ensure that the required straight line or arc contour is processed.

Classification of interpolation method

Interpolation methods include linear interpolation, arc interpolation, spline interpolation, etc. As the name implies, linear interpolation is completed by the tool in a linear motion between two points; Arc interpolation is to calculate the point groups approaching the actual arc according to the interpolation digital information between the end points, control the cutter to move along these points, and process the arc curve.

The outline of a part is often various, including straight line, arc, arbitrary curve, spline, etc The tool of CNC machine tool can not be moved by the actual contour of the curve, but is moved by several small straight lines approximately, and the direction of tool moving is generally X and Y directions. Interpolation methods include: linear interpolation, arc interpolation, parabolic interpolation, spline interpolation, etc.

Linear interpolation

Line interpolation is a commonly used interpolation method on the lathe. In this method, the interpolation between two points is approximated along the point group of the straight line, and the motion of the tool is controlled along the straight line. The so-called linear interpolation is the interpolation method that can only be used for the actual contour is a straight line (if it is not a straight line, the curve can also be approximated by a segment of a line in the way of approximation, so that each segment can be interpolated by a straight line) First, assume that the starting point of the actual contour is a short section along the X direction (one pulse equivalent), and if the end point is found below the actual contour, the next line segment is a short section along the Y direction.

If the end point of the line segment is still below the actual contour, continue to walk a short section along the Y direction until it is above the actual contour, and then walk a short section in the X direction, and repeat the cycle until the end point of the contour is reached In this way, the actual contour is spliced by segments of broken lines. Although it is a broken line, if each segment of the cutting line is very small (within the allowable range of accuracy), then this segment of broken lines and the actual contour can be roughly regarded as the same curve, which is straight line interpolation

Arc interpolation

Circular interpolation is an interpolation method. In this method, according to the interpolation digital information between the points at both ends, the point group approaching the actual arc is calculated, and the cutter is controlled to move along these points to process the arc curve.

Real time interpolation algorithm for complex curve

Traditional CNC only provides linear and arc interpolation, while non-linear and arc curves are interpolated by segmented fitting of linear and arc. This method will lead to a series of problems such as large amount of data, poor accuracy, uneven feed speed and complex programming when processing complex curves, which will inevitably have a great impact on the processing quality and processing cost. Many people begin to seek a direct interpolation method for complex freeform curves and surfaces.

In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of in-depth research on this, which has also produced many new interpolation methods. Such as aakima spline curve interpolation, cubic spline curve interpolation, Bezier curve interpolation, Pythagorean hodggraph curve interpolation, B-spline curve interpolation, etc. Because of the many advantages of B-spline curve, especially its powerful function in representing and designing the shape of free-form curve and surface, the research on the direct interpolation algorithm of free-space curve and surface is mostly focused on it.

Today we’ll talk about a interesting and basal concept “interpolation”. From a long time ago, engineers have been thinking about how to use machine tools to process workpieces into curves. Their primary idea is to divide the motion coordinates of the tool and the workpiece into some minimum unit quantities, i.e. the minimum displacement. The CNC system will move the coordinates by several minimum displacement quantities (i.e. control the tool motion trajectory) according to the requirements of the part program, so as to realize the relative motion of the tool and the workpiece and complete the processing of the part.

Contents hide 1developed LATHE ALLOW INTERPOLATION 2concepts of Interpolation and pulse equivalent 3Classification of interpolation method 3.1Linear interpolation 3.2Arc interpolation 3.3Real time interpolation algorithm for complex curvedeveloped LATHE ALLOW INTERPOLATION

Before the information age, the motor used in the lathe could not change speed and move in the work, and there were many technical defects that were difficult to overcome in the face of precision machining. With the APKT Insert progress of technology, the machine tool has started to be updated.

Now, the automation technology has been further improved on CNC lathe, and the development of numerical control technology has entered the era of motion controller. In the open system of “PC + motion controller”, the machine tool processing has obtained stronger information processing ability, more accurate motion trajectory and better versatility.

However, although the technology has been improved, the processing needs to face more difficulties. In the process of workpiece processing, the machine tool often has to face irregular curve or arc processing. Although the machine tool can well complete the relative movement of linear segments, arcs or other analytical spline curves, in the face of irregular “free” movement, the machine tool has to rely Lathe Carbide Inserts on multi-axis motion control and interpolation.

Drive controlled old?school?latheconcepts of Interpolation and pulse equivalent

Interpolation is the process of determining the motion path of the tool on the CNC machine tool according to a certain method. According to the given speed and trajectory, add some new intermediate points between the known points of the trajectory, and control the workpiece table and the tool to pass through these intermediate points, so that the whole movement can be completed. To put it mildly, it means that the tool uses broken lines to draw the curve to be processed one by one, which is equivalent to approximating the required curve and surface with several small segments and arcs.

The relative movement of the tool along each coordinate axis is in the unit of pulse equivalent (mm / pulse). When the tool path is a straight line or an arc, the numerical control device performs “densification of data points” between the starting point and the end point coordinate values of the line segment or arc, obtains the coordinate values of a series of intermediate points, and then outputs pulses to each coordinate according to the coordinate values of the intermediate points to ensure that the required straight line or arc contour is processed.

Classification of interpolation method

Interpolation methods include linear interpolation, arc interpolation, spline interpolation, etc. As the name implies, linear interpolation is completed by the tool in a linear motion between two points; Arc interpolation is to calculate the point groups approaching the actual arc according to the interpolation digital information between the end points, control the cutter to move along these points, and process the arc curve.

The outline of a part is often various, including straight line, arc, arbitrary curve, spline, etc The tool of CNC machine tool can not be moved by the actual contour of the curve, but is moved by several small straight lines approximately, and the direction of tool moving is generally X and Y directions. Interpolation methods include: linear interpolation, arc interpolation, parabolic interpolation, spline interpolation, etc.

Linear interpolation

Line interpolation is a commonly used interpolation method on the lathe. In this method, the interpolation between two points is approximated along the point group of the straight line, and the motion of the tool is controlled along the straight line. The so-called linear interpolation is the interpolation method that can only be used for the actual contour is a straight line (if it is not a straight line, the curve can also be approximated by a segment of a line in the way of approximation, so that each segment can be interpolated by a straight line) First, assume that the starting point of the actual contour is a short section along the X direction (one pulse equivalent), and if the end point is found below the actual contour, the next line segment is a short section along the Y direction.

If the end point of the line segment is still below the actual contour, continue to walk a short section along the Y direction until it is above the actual contour, and then walk a short section in the X direction, and repeat the cycle until the end point of the contour is reached In this way, the actual contour is spliced by segments of broken lines. Although it is a broken line, if each segment of the cutting line is very small (within the allowable range of accuracy), then this segment of broken lines and the actual contour can be roughly regarded as the same curve, which is straight line interpolation

Arc interpolation

Circular interpolation is an interpolation method. In this method, according to the interpolation digital information between the points at both ends, the point group approaching the actual arc is calculated, and the cutter is controlled to move along these points to process the arc curve.

Real time interpolation algorithm for complex curve

Traditional CNC only provides linear and arc interpolation, while non-linear and arc curves are interpolated by segmented fitting of linear and arc. This method will lead to a series of problems such as large amount of data, poor accuracy, uneven feed speed and complex programming when processing complex curves, which will inevitably have a great impact on the processing quality and processing cost. Many people begin to seek a direct interpolation method for complex freeform curves and surfaces.

In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of in-depth research on this, which has also produced many new interpolation methods. Such as aakima spline curve interpolation, cubic spline curve interpolation, Bezier curve interpolation, Pythagorean hodggraph curve interpolation, B-spline curve interpolation, etc. Because of the many advantages of B-spline curve, especially its powerful function in representing and designing the shape of free-form curve and surface, the research on the direct interpolation algorithm of free-space curve and surface is mostly focused on it.

Can you tell the difference between a flat bottom drill and an end mill？

In 1987, Century Tool and Gage Co. (Fenton, Michigan) bought its first Heyligenstaedt vertical mill equipped with the first Fidia CNC system that was available in North America. Mickey Guckian, manufacturing manager of programming for Century Tool, was there. “I remember when we purchased the first Fidia control. It was installed on a two-spindle Heyligenstaedt vertical mill. I was running that machine at the time,” he says. “The new control had dual 8-inch floppy drives, which was unique back then, and it gave us the ability to greatly improve the feed rate for the complex milling routines we were running for the large compression molds we were manufacturing.”

Century Tool was founded in 1974 and has experienced consistent growth over most of its history. According to Vice President Kevin Cummings, this is due in part to expanding the manufacturing of composite compression molds to produce sheet molding compound (SMC), reaction injection molding (RIM) and urethane parts for various sectors of the transportation industry. The company specializes in compression-molded, exterior Class A, and reinforcement panels for truck and trim applications. It also makes 75 percent of the exterior body panel molds. “We have become a major builder of molds and secondary tooling for the automotive, heavy truck, aerospace and personal watercraft industries,” Mr. Cummings says. With that growth came the company’s move to a new, 125,000-square-foot facility that is capable of handling 60-ton machine block sizes that are as wide as 100 inches and as long as 300 inches. The plant is equipped with four, five-axis CNC machining centers; seven heavy-duty vertical and horizontal machines; three multi-spindle, traveling-column gundrills; 29 CAD/CAM workstations; and a try-out press facility with capacities of 500, 600, 1,500 and 3,000 tons.

“Before Fidia started developing a complete line of five-axis milling machines, it was building CNC controls,” Mr. Guckian says. “Dr. Giuseppe Morfino, Fidia CEO, was the young controls engineer who started it all, and he has been the guiding influence in the CNC machine control design that has played a significant role in making Century Tool and Gage a manufacturing and production success. All of our milling machines are CNC programmable and use Fidia controllers for high-level accuracy, dependability and productivity.”

But it has been a long time since 1987, and floppy drives will no longer cut it for Century Tool’s needs three decades later. That is where regular retrofitting of the Fidia controllers comes in. 

Retrofitted for Productivity

Jorge Correa, Fidia’s vice president of sales in North America, says, “Century Tool is a great example of what can be done with control retrofits to bring existing CNC machine tools to state-of-the-art levels.” Since 1987, Century Tool has used Fidia’s CK10, CK20, Compac, C2, C20, a couple of Fidia’s tracing systems, and more recently, Fidia’s C40 controls. Today, the company has 25 Fidia CNCs, but with ongoing control upgrades and the addition of new CNC machine tools, Mr. Correa says the actual number is well over 30 controls. 

In concert with the Fidia controllers, RCMX Insert Century Tool uses Tebis V4.OR2 software for five-axis machining. Tebis V4 software can translate software formats such as Catia, Iges, Parasolid, STEP and NX to create the best tool paths. It is said to be the only software that can generate the tool path right off the surface. “It creates a greater amount of contact points, producing a more accurate part,” Mr. Guckian says.

On each of Century Tool’s CNC mills, the Fidia control provides automatic scaling features for each axis to translate CNC program parameters to fit the size of the workpiece. The control is connected via Ethernet to the company’s programming computers for continuous transfer of CAD data. “This allows Century Tool to have the flexibility to expand the customer’s product design ideas, but also the ability to communicate in direct language formats,” Mr. Guckian says. 

Retrofitted for Cast Iron Inserts Peace of Mind

Century Tool first encountered the Fidia C40 Vision Control, with its ViMill anti-collision software, at the International Manufacturing Technology Show (IMTS) in 2014. The company purchased the hardware and software components on a new Fidia GTFM.V3 five-axis milling machine right after the show. “What immediately impressed us about the C40 control is that it can handle very large data programs of 50 megabytes or more. Some mold surfaces are very complex and rich with detail. The Fidia controls can handle the data file sizes and still provide smooth and accurate finishes,” Mr. Guckian says. “At Century Tool, we also work on older compression molds that need to be reworked with new engineering changes, which typically involves more blending of surface cuts. Excellent finish is a must for these types of projects. The Fidia controls have vastly improved this capability by increasing their look-ahead from 300 to 1,000 lines of point data, which gives the machine the capability to prepare itself better for the upcoming shapes it is about to create.”

For example, high machining speed and excellent surface finish are the desire of any mold shop using five-axis milling machines, and Mr. Guckian says that Century Tool attains excellent surface finish because of its ability to precisely control acceleration and deceleration. According to Mr. Correa, the C40 Vision Control’s multi-processor architecture manages user interface, axis and toolpath control, as well as ViMill real-time, anti-collision software, which together work to produce the fast machining speeds and high-quality surface finishes. “It’s one thing to have fast processors, but you need very good communication software parameters to enable the drives and motors to communicate at these fast feed rates,” he says. “The Fidia control allows the machine to be fine-tuned for various dynamics, such as part weight, length and width, spindle speeds, rigidity—basically anything needed to achieve a very accurate finish in a shorter period of time.”

According to Mr. Guckian, Fidia’s ViMill software in the C40 Vision Control is user-friendly and easy to train operators to use. Its anti-collision feature provides safe milling conditions for very complex mold machining by projecting 1,000 lines of code. That projection prevents any collision between the tool, the machine and the workpiece in real time during milling operations and in both jog- and part-program execution mode. “The operator has the ability to use the handwheel on the fly for the X, Y, Z, A and C axes and normal-to-vector compound angles. We are not aware of any other control that has that feature,” Mr. Guckian says. 

Retrofitted for Accuracy

Typically, Fidia GTFM five-axis milling machines are outfitted with the Head Measuring System (HMS), which has greatly reduced the time it takes for Century Tool machinists to verify the accuracy of heads and tilting rotary tables. The HMS reduced that time from one day to less than an hour. “The HMS is a high-precision alternative to the traditional dial gages and is a very important facet of the five-axis cutting technology. The HMS keeps the five-axis head as accurate as possible, usually within 10 microns. This is vitally important when the mold is being machined unattended, which is usually at night,” Mr. Correa explains. He adds, “The Fidia measurement software within the control manages the mold cutting. The software is equipped with three high-precision displacement measuring devices and is allocated to measuring 3D volumetric errors. By processing incoming data in real time, the software can check and compensate for limited geometric error, avoiding costly corrective mechanical interventions.” Users can save the desired settings and trust them to be maintained to within 5 microns. As a result, “the machine ran for eight months without having to change calibration parameters on the head,” Mr. Guckian reports.

A laser powers the Rotation Tool Center Point (RTCP) function, which is another feature managed by Fidia control software. The laser accurately measures the length and diameter of the cutter at each tool change, which provides for a continuously accurate height setting on the mold from cutter to cutter. 

Multi-processor architecture in the control allows for updates and empowers the system through the partial or total replacement of the PC (memory, hard discs, adapters, etc.) without modifying other computer components. The GTFM machine has three central processing units. As a result, it is possible to keep the CNC constantly up to date with the most recent hardware and software developments. 

One such upgrade, Fidia’s Velocity Five multi-axis trajectory control technology, provides a dynamic-selectable set of roughing and finishing parameters. These parameters are said to enable the user to execute fast and highly accurate milling by improving the acceleration control techniques. At the time of writing, Century Tool estimates the Velocity Five upgrade can reduce finish milling time on 3D profiles between 15 and 20 percent and roughing between 30 and 40 percent. The machined surface quality shows significant improvement and faster execution of machining for small radii areas.

With plans to add this update to another finish milling machine and to install three more C40 Vision CNCs to other machines, Century Tool’s continuous-improvement strategy makes the most of retrofits and upgrades. 

 

About the EditorCynthia Kustush

Cynthia Kustush, a senior editor at MoldMaking Technology magazine, edited this article for print. It first appeared on moldmakingtechnology.com. 

 

In 1987, Century Tool and Gage Co. (Fenton, Michigan) bought its first Heyligenstaedt vertical mill equipped with the first Fidia CNC system that was available in North America. Mickey Guckian, manufacturing manager of programming for Century Tool, was there. “I remember when we purchased the first Fidia control. It was installed on a two-spindle Heyligenstaedt vertical mill. I was running that machine at the time,” he says. “The new control had dual 8-inch floppy drives, which was unique back then, and it gave us the ability to greatly improve the feed rate for the complex milling routines we were running for the large compression molds we were manufacturing.”

Century Tool was founded in 1974 and has experienced consistent growth over most of its history. According to Vice President Kevin Cummings, this is due in part to expanding the manufacturing of composite compression molds to produce sheet molding compound (SMC), reaction injection molding (RIM) and urethane parts for various sectors of the transportation industry. The company specializes in compression-molded, exterior Class A, and reinforcement panels for truck and trim applications. It also makes 75 percent of the exterior body panel molds. “We have become a major builder of molds and secondary tooling for the automotive, heavy truck, aerospace and personal watercraft industries,” Mr. Cummings says. With that growth came the company’s move to a new, 125,000-square-foot facility that is capable of handling 60-ton machine block sizes that are as wide as 100 inches and as long as 300 inches. The plant is equipped with four, five-axis CNC machining centers; seven heavy-duty vertical and horizontal machines; three multi-spindle, traveling-column gundrills; 29 CAD/CAM workstations; and a try-out press facility with capacities of 500, 600, 1,500 and 3,000 tons.

“Before Fidia started developing a complete line of five-axis milling machines, it was building CNC controls,” Mr. Guckian says. “Dr. Giuseppe Morfino, Fidia CEO, was the young controls engineer who started it all, and he has been the guiding influence in the CNC machine control design that has played a significant role in making Century Tool and Gage a manufacturing and production success. All of our milling machines are CNC programmable and use Fidia controllers for high-level accuracy, dependability and productivity.”

But it has been a long time since 1987, and floppy drives will no longer cut it for Century Tool’s needs three decades later. That is where regular retrofitting of the Fidia controllers comes in. 

Retrofitted for Productivity

Jorge Correa, Fidia’s vice president of sales in North America, says, “Century Tool is a great example of what can be done with control retrofits to bring existing CNC machine tools to state-of-the-art levels.” Since 1987, Century Tool has used Fidia’s CK10, CK20, Compac, C2, C20, a couple of Fidia’s tracing systems, and more recently, Fidia’s C40 controls. Today, the company has 25 Fidia CNCs, but with ongoing control upgrades and the addition of new CNC machine tools, Mr. Correa says the actual number is well over 30 controls. 

In concert with the Fidia controllers, RCMX Insert Century Tool uses Tebis V4.OR2 software for five-axis machining. Tebis V4 software can translate software formats such as Catia, Iges, Parasolid, STEP and NX to create the best tool paths. It is said to be the only software that can generate the tool path right off the surface. “It creates a greater amount of contact points, producing a more accurate part,” Mr. Guckian says.

On each of Century Tool’s CNC mills, the Fidia control provides automatic scaling features for each axis to translate CNC program parameters to fit the size of the workpiece. The control is connected via Ethernet to the company’s programming computers for continuous transfer of CAD data. “This allows Century Tool to have the flexibility to expand the customer’s product design ideas, but also the ability to communicate in direct language formats,” Mr. Guckian says. 

Retrofitted for Cast Iron Inserts Peace of Mind

Century Tool first encountered the Fidia C40 Vision Control, with its ViMill anti-collision software, at the International Manufacturing Technology Show (IMTS) in 2014. The company purchased the hardware and software components on a new Fidia GTFM.V3 five-axis milling machine right after the show. “What immediately impressed us about the C40 control is that it can handle very large data programs of 50 megabytes or more. Some mold surfaces are very complex and rich with detail. The Fidia controls can handle the data file sizes and still provide smooth and accurate finishes,” Mr. Guckian says. “At Century Tool, we also work on older compression molds that need to be reworked with new engineering changes, which typically involves more blending of surface cuts. Excellent finish is a must for these types of projects. The Fidia controls have vastly improved this capability by increasing their look-ahead from 300 to 1,000 lines of point data, which gives the machine the capability to prepare itself better for the upcoming shapes it is about to create.”

For example, high machining speed and excellent surface finish are the desire of any mold shop using five-axis milling machines, and Mr. Guckian says that Century Tool attains excellent surface finish because of its ability to precisely control acceleration and deceleration. According to Mr. Correa, the C40 Vision Control’s multi-processor architecture manages user interface, axis and toolpath control, as well as ViMill real-time, anti-collision software, which together work to produce the fast machining speeds and high-quality surface finishes. “It’s one thing to have fast processors, but you need very good communication software parameters to enable the drives and motors to communicate at these fast feed rates,” he says. “The Fidia control allows the machine to be fine-tuned for various dynamics, such as part weight, length and width, spindle speeds, rigidity—basically anything needed to achieve a very accurate finish in a shorter period of time.”

According to Mr. Guckian, Fidia’s ViMill software in the C40 Vision Control is user-friendly and easy to train operators to use. Its anti-collision feature provides safe milling conditions for very complex mold machining by projecting 1,000 lines of code. That projection prevents any collision between the tool, the machine and the workpiece in real time during milling operations and in both jog- and part-program execution mode. “The operator has the ability to use the handwheel on the fly for the X, Y, Z, A and C axes and normal-to-vector compound angles. We are not aware of any other control that has that feature,” Mr. Guckian says. 

Retrofitted for Accuracy

Typically, Fidia GTFM five-axis milling machines are outfitted with the Head Measuring System (HMS), which has greatly reduced the time it takes for Century Tool machinists to verify the accuracy of heads and tilting rotary tables. The HMS reduced that time from one day to less than an hour. “The HMS is a high-precision alternative to the traditional dial gages and is a very important facet of the five-axis cutting technology. The HMS keeps the five-axis head as accurate as possible, usually within 10 microns. This is vitally important when the mold is being machined unattended, which is usually at night,” Mr. Correa explains. He adds, “The Fidia measurement software within the control manages the mold cutting. The software is equipped with three high-precision displacement measuring devices and is allocated to measuring 3D volumetric errors. By processing incoming data in real time, the software can check and compensate for limited geometric error, avoiding costly corrective mechanical interventions.” Users can save the desired settings and trust them to be maintained to within 5 microns. As a result, “the machine ran for eight months without having to change calibration parameters on the head,” Mr. Guckian reports.

A laser powers the Rotation Tool Center Point (RTCP) function, which is another feature managed by Fidia control software. The laser accurately measures the length and diameter of the cutter at each tool change, which provides for a continuously accurate height setting on the mold from cutter to cutter. 

Multi-processor architecture in the control allows for updates and empowers the system through the partial or total replacement of the PC (memory, hard discs, adapters, etc.) without modifying other computer components. The GTFM machine has three central processing units. As a result, it is possible to keep the CNC constantly up to date with the most recent hardware and software developments. 

One such upgrade, Fidia’s Velocity Five multi-axis trajectory control technology, provides a dynamic-selectable set of roughing and finishing parameters. These parameters are said to enable the user to execute fast and highly accurate milling by improving the acceleration control techniques. At the time of writing, Century Tool estimates the Velocity Five upgrade can reduce finish milling time on 3D profiles between 15 and 20 percent and roughing between 30 and 40 percent. The machined surface quality shows significant improvement and faster execution of machining for small radii areas.

With plans to add this update to another finish milling machine and to install three more C40 Vision CNCs to other machines, Century Tool’s continuous-improvement strategy makes the most of retrofits and upgrades. 

 

About the EditorCynthia Kustush

Cynthia Kustush, a senior editor at MoldMaking Technology magazine, edited this article for print. It first appeared on moldmakingtechnology.com. 

 

In 1987, Century Tool and Gage Co. (Fenton, Michigan) bought its first Heyligenstaedt vertical mill equipped with the first Fidia CNC system that was available in North America. Mickey Guckian, manufacturing manager of programming for Century Tool, was there. “I remember when we purchased the first Fidia control. It was installed on a two-spindle Heyligenstaedt vertical mill. I was running that machine at the time,” he says. “The new control had dual 8-inch floppy drives, which was unique back then, and it gave us the ability to greatly improve the feed rate for the complex milling routines we were running for the large compression molds we were manufacturing.”

Century Tool was founded in 1974 and has experienced consistent growth over most of its history. According to Vice President Kevin Cummings, this is due in part to expanding the manufacturing of composite compression molds to produce sheet molding compound (SMC), reaction injection molding (RIM) and urethane parts for various sectors of the transportation industry. The company specializes in compression-molded, exterior Class A, and reinforcement panels for truck and trim applications. It also makes 75 percent of the exterior body panel molds. “We have become a major builder of molds and secondary tooling for the automotive, heavy truck, aerospace and personal watercraft industries,” Mr. Cummings says. With that growth came the company’s move to a new, 125,000-square-foot facility that is capable of handling 60-ton machine block sizes that are as wide as 100 inches and as long as 300 inches. The plant is equipped with four, five-axis CNC machining centers; seven heavy-duty vertical and horizontal machines; three multi-spindle, traveling-column gundrills; 29 CAD/CAM workstations; and a try-out press facility with capacities of 500, 600, 1,500 and 3,000 tons.

“Before Fidia started developing a complete line of five-axis milling machines, it was building CNC controls,” Mr. Guckian says. “Dr. Giuseppe Morfino, Fidia CEO, was the young controls engineer who started it all, and he has been the guiding influence in the CNC machine control design that has played a significant role in making Century Tool and Gage a manufacturing and production success. All of our milling machines are CNC programmable and use Fidia controllers for high-level accuracy, dependability and productivity.”

But it has been a long time since 1987, and floppy drives will no longer cut it for Century Tool’s needs three decades later. That is where regular retrofitting of the Fidia controllers comes in. 

Retrofitted for Productivity

Jorge Correa, Fidia’s vice president of sales in North America, says, “Century Tool is a great example of what can be done with control retrofits to bring existing CNC machine tools to state-of-the-art levels.” Since 1987, Century Tool has used Fidia’s CK10, CK20, Compac, C2, C20, a couple of Fidia’s tracing systems, and more recently, Fidia’s C40 controls. Today, the company has 25 Fidia CNCs, but with ongoing control upgrades and the addition of new CNC machine tools, Mr. Correa says the actual number is well over 30 controls. 

In concert with the Fidia controllers, RCMX Insert Century Tool uses Tebis V4.OR2 software for five-axis machining. Tebis V4 software can translate software formats such as Catia, Iges, Parasolid, STEP and NX to create the best tool paths. It is said to be the only software that can generate the tool path right off the surface. “It creates a greater amount of contact points, producing a more accurate part,” Mr. Guckian says.

On each of Century Tool’s CNC mills, the Fidia control provides automatic scaling features for each axis to translate CNC program parameters to fit the size of the workpiece. The control is connected via Ethernet to the company’s programming computers for continuous transfer of CAD data. “This allows Century Tool to have the flexibility to expand the customer’s product design ideas, but also the ability to communicate in direct language formats,” Mr. Guckian says. 

Retrofitted for Cast Iron Inserts Peace of Mind

Century Tool first encountered the Fidia C40 Vision Control, with its ViMill anti-collision software, at the International Manufacturing Technology Show (IMTS) in 2014. The company purchased the hardware and software components on a new Fidia GTFM.V3 five-axis milling machine right after the show. “What immediately impressed us about the C40 control is that it can handle very large data programs of 50 megabytes or more. Some mold surfaces are very complex and rich with detail. The Fidia controls can handle the data file sizes and still provide smooth and accurate finishes,” Mr. Guckian says. “At Century Tool, we also work on older compression molds that need to be reworked with new engineering changes, which typically involves more blending of surface cuts. Excellent finish is a must for these types of projects. The Fidia controls have vastly improved this capability by increasing their look-ahead from 300 to 1,000 lines of point data, which gives the machine the capability to prepare itself better for the upcoming shapes it is about to create.”

For example, high machining speed and excellent surface finish are the desire of any mold shop using five-axis milling machines, and Mr. Guckian says that Century Tool attains excellent surface finish because of its ability to precisely control acceleration and deceleration. According to Mr. Correa, the C40 Vision Control’s multi-processor architecture manages user interface, axis and toolpath control, as well as ViMill real-time, anti-collision software, which together work to produce the fast machining speeds and high-quality surface finishes. “It’s one thing to have fast processors, but you need very good communication software parameters to enable the drives and motors to communicate at these fast feed rates,” he says. “The Fidia control allows the machine to be fine-tuned for various dynamics, such as part weight, length and width, spindle speeds, rigidity—basically anything needed to achieve a very accurate finish in a shorter period of time.”

According to Mr. Guckian, Fidia’s ViMill software in the C40 Vision Control is user-friendly and easy to train operators to use. Its anti-collision feature provides safe milling conditions for very complex mold machining by projecting 1,000 lines of code. That projection prevents any collision between the tool, the machine and the workpiece in real time during milling operations and in both jog- and part-program execution mode. “The operator has the ability to use the handwheel on the fly for the X, Y, Z, A and C axes and normal-to-vector compound angles. We are not aware of any other control that has that feature,” Mr. Guckian says. 

Retrofitted for Accuracy

Typically, Fidia GTFM five-axis milling machines are outfitted with the Head Measuring System (HMS), which has greatly reduced the time it takes for Century Tool machinists to verify the accuracy of heads and tilting rotary tables. The HMS reduced that time from one day to less than an hour. “The HMS is a high-precision alternative to the traditional dial gages and is a very important facet of the five-axis cutting technology. The HMS keeps the five-axis head as accurate as possible, usually within 10 microns. This is vitally important when the mold is being machined unattended, which is usually at night,” Mr. Correa explains. He adds, “The Fidia measurement software within the control manages the mold cutting. The software is equipped with three high-precision displacement measuring devices and is allocated to measuring 3D volumetric errors. By processing incoming data in real time, the software can check and compensate for limited geometric error, avoiding costly corrective mechanical interventions.” Users can save the desired settings and trust them to be maintained to within 5 microns. As a result, “the machine ran for eight months without having to change calibration parameters on the head,” Mr. Guckian reports.

A laser powers the Rotation Tool Center Point (RTCP) function, which is another feature managed by Fidia control software. The laser accurately measures the length and diameter of the cutter at each tool change, which provides for a continuously accurate height setting on the mold from cutter to cutter. 

Multi-processor architecture in the control allows for updates and empowers the system through the partial or total replacement of the PC (memory, hard discs, adapters, etc.) without modifying other computer components. The GTFM machine has three central processing units. As a result, it is possible to keep the CNC constantly up to date with the most recent hardware and software developments. 

One such upgrade, Fidia’s Velocity Five multi-axis trajectory control technology, provides a dynamic-selectable set of roughing and finishing parameters. These parameters are said to enable the user to execute fast and highly accurate milling by improving the acceleration control techniques. At the time of writing, Century Tool estimates the Velocity Five upgrade can reduce finish milling time on 3D profiles between 15 and 20 percent and roughing between 30 and 40 percent. The machined surface quality shows significant improvement and faster execution of machining for small radii areas.

With plans to add this update to another finish milling machine and to install three more C40 Vision CNCs to other machines, Century Tool’s continuous-improvement strategy makes the most of retrofits and upgrades. 

 

About the EditorCynthia Kustush

Cynthia Kustush, a senior editor at MoldMaking Technology magazine, edited this article for print. It first appeared on moldmakingtechnology.com. 

 

Thread Machining： Process, Methods, & Cutting Guide

INTRODUCTION

 

Aluminum is the most loved machined material because of its unique features for machinability and this is why it is most commonly used in manufacturing industry. But the aluminum is not milled using any tool, it requires careful study of its properties and most importantly, an extensive knowledge of tool selection. Understanding the tool requirement by machinist can give them numerous benefits like product pricing, lowering the production cost and make required products with less effort and quality finishing.

The end mills are used to create profile, plunging and required pocketing in aluminum. The various properties of end mills decide which material they will mill easily. Besides, the end geometry of an end mill, factors like end mill coating, helix angle, number of flutes etc. play crucial role to get the job done and vice versa.

This article will explain all the factors of and end mill that must be considered before selecting the end mill. Additionally, the article will also cover the machine requirements for milling aluminum and lastly give names of some popular end mills that are perfect to use.

MATERIAL
The best preferred material for making end mills is carbide because it says sharp for long time. Although carbide-made end mills are brittle in nature, but using it on aluminum makes it a great cutting tool. One of the downside of carbide end mills is that they are expensive compared to High-Speed steel. But if you can afford them, they can cut the aluminum with high speed and feed rates and will also last longer in comparison.
TOOL COATING
Since aluminum is soft when compared to other materials, during CNC milling, its chips can clog in the CNC tool, especially when you are plunging deeper. Coating the end mills with the right material can help resolve the problem.
Most common used coating on an end mill is Titanium Aluminum Nitride (TiAIN). These are slippery coatings and allows the chips to slip easily through the flutes while milling. It is also effective in case you are not using any coolant. The coating is mainly used on carbide tools.
But if you are using high-speed steel (HSS), you should use Titanium Carbo-Nitride (TiCN). This coating will also serve the purpose for lubricity required for aluminum milling. The only downside of this type of coating is its high cost. Other type of coating material is Titanium Diboride (TiB2) etc. Though there are uncoated tools available, using them will only bring damage to your tool and the work piece.

In 2021,HUANA develop DLC Coated for Aluminum cutting which is newest for milling Aluminum

FLUTE COUNT

Number of flutes are one of the most important factors while selecting the end mill. The end mills are available in 2, 3, 4, and etc. The purpose of end mill is removing the chips from the work piece while milling. The greater the number of flutes in end mill, the softer the material to use for milling.
End mills with 2 and 3 flutes are used for working on aluminum. Increase in the number of flutes can create difficulty for effective chips evacuation at high speeds because aluminum produce larger chips. So increasing the flute means smaller chip valley which is why the end mills with high number of flutes should not be used.
Normally, 2 flutes end mills are used for aluminum. However, using end mills with 3 flutes will get the job done more efficiently, easily, and will deliver more finishing operations. With the setting of right parameters, 3 flute end mills can also serve as roughers successfully.
Besides considering the number of flutes in an end mill, you should also consider other factors like rigidity, operation and required material removal rate that also impacts heavily on the tool’s selection.

HELIX ANGLE
The helix angle is the measure of angle between tool’s centerline and straight line tangent with the cutting edge. The higher the helix angle, the more easily chips of softer materials can escape. Therefore, end mills with comparatively higher helix angles than standard end mills are used. The angle with 35°, 40°, or 45° are preferred.
In the market, variable helix tools are also available which reduces harmonics and chatter and also enhances material removal rates efficiency.
35° or 40° helix angles are used as a standard for roughing and slotting in aluminum. But 45° helix angles are suitable for high efficiency milling toolpaths because end mills with higher helix angles makes more aggressive cut and wraps around the tool faster.

TOOLING OPRERATION

As discussed earlier, 2 or 3 flutes in an end mill will deliver the right results. But for specific usage and machine setup, you need to consider more tooling option to give better performance and to carry out specialized milling, slotting or profiling. Following are some of the tooling operation that can give better results.

 

CHIPBREAKER

Effective chips evacuation is one of the most crucial factor while machining aluminum. 2-3 flutes operating at recommended feed rates and speeds lets escape the chips fairly well. But there is another specialized tool more efficient than the standard ones. The 3 flute chipbreaker tool runs at more speed and feed rates and delivers better results. The geometry of the chipbreaker produces smaller chips for fast evacuation and leaves half-finished surface.

 

HIGH–BALANCE END MILLS

These end mills are manufactured to improve performance in highly balanced machining centers that have elevated feed rates and elevated RPM. They are used to main precise balance in high velocity machining aluminum up to 33,000 RPM.

RUNNING PARAMETERS
If you want to optimize your productivity and achieve optimum machine results, then you need to have the right parameters settings. The settings also help in selection of end mills. The aluminum is indeed an easier material to machine but if you can optimize your machine with the right settings and push it to its maximum limit, you can achieve maximum result out of the machine.
There are some general guidelines that you should follow for machining aluminum. For milling cast aluminum alloys, 500-1000 SFM surface footage is recommended. The RPM is based on cutter’s diameter. For wrought aluminum alloys, 800-1500 SFM surface footage is recommended. Following is one of the widely known running parameter to follow.

HIGH EFFICIENY MILLING
HEM or High Efficiency Milling strategy is become rapidly popular in manufacturing industry. There are CAM programs that include HEM toolpaths. While any machine is capable of performing HEM, it is important that CNC machines should also contain fast processor.

MACHINE REQUIREMENTS FOR ALUMINUM MILLING

Having the right machine for aluminum milling is vital to have maximum advantage of machine. Ideally, the machine should have 200 IPM feed rate and 18,000 RPM spindle capability. Following are some standard machine settings for aluminum milling

 

For peripheral rough milling

• Climb mill having coated carbide end mill of ?”?diameter 3-flute.
• Width of cut: 30 percent of cutter diameter
• Axial depth-of-cut: 0.750”
• SFM: 2000
• RPM: 15,280
• IPT: 0.004
• IPM: 200

Milling carried with these machine settings will remove metal at 22.5 cubic inches/minute.

For full width slotting

• Recommended 2 flute end mill
• Plunge in vertical direction 1 x diameter before moving X-Y direction.
• SFM: 1,000
• RPM: 7,640
• IPT: 0.003
• IPM: 46

With these settings, the metal removal rate will be 11.5 cubic inches/minute

Note: ensure to program feed and speed once the slot is in for peripheral milling to open up the cavity.

TYPE OF END MILLS

The types of end mills with different end shapes are used to create different profiles, slotting, and different texture in a work piece. Following are the APMT Insert various end mills used to slot aluminum:

ROUGHING END MILLS

These end mills have teeth at their flute’s periphery used to create rough texture on the surface. The purpose of these teeth is they transform material into small chips and then evacuates the material quickly. It also reduces vibration during milling.

FINISHING END MILLS

These end mills deliver smooth finish. They have smooth outside dimeter and one square end. This diameter creates smooth finish on a work piece.

?

?

BALL-NOSE END MILLS For Aluminum

They are also called full-radius end mills because they have a ball-shape edge. On Aluminum they are used to create 3D contouring, arc grooves and profile milling etc.

VCMT Insert

SINGLE FLUTE END MILLS

The single flute end mills are designed for applications that require fast and high-volume material removal. They are very versatile and delivers great rough texture. You can use them to mill brass, plastics, aluminum or exotic composites but do not use them on steel.

Their single cutting edge design provides more space for chips to evacuate resulting in higher chip loads and faster feed rates.

CONCLUSION

Aluminum is highly workable and light weight material. Products manufactured from this material are used in almost every industry. Its low cost and flexibility makes it a demandable material for CNC milling.

Due to its specific properties, it is necessary to carefully select the end mills otherwise it may damage the work piece. End mills made of carbide are highly durable and has high speed and feed rates. When end mills are coated, they perform better in milling because they provide smooth and slippery surface for quick chips evacuation.

The single flute and 2 or 3 flute end mills are widely used for aluminum. Do not select end mills with flutes greater than 3 otherwise the chips will clog the flute and cause material damage.

The more angular the helix angle, the more easily and quickly chips removed. Typically, 35°, 40°, and 45° helix used to mill aluminum for good efficiency due to more aggressive cutting.

Apart from the selection of end mill, setting the right machine requirements will result in maximum output. The above parameters are typical but they will need tweaking for special applications.

INTRODUCTION

 

Aluminum is the most loved machined material because of its unique features for machinability and this is why it is most commonly used in manufacturing industry. But the aluminum is not milled using any tool, it requires careful study of its properties and most importantly, an extensive knowledge of tool selection. Understanding the tool requirement by machinist can give them numerous benefits like product pricing, lowering the production cost and make required products with less effort and quality finishing.

The end mills are used to create profile, plunging and required pocketing in aluminum. The various properties of end mills decide which material they will mill easily. Besides, the end geometry of an end mill, factors like end mill coating, helix angle, number of flutes etc. play crucial role to get the job done and vice versa.

This article will explain all the factors of and end mill that must be considered before selecting the end mill. Additionally, the article will also cover the machine requirements for milling aluminum and lastly give names of some popular end mills that are perfect to use.

MATERIAL
The best preferred material for making end mills is carbide because it says sharp for long time. Although carbide-made end mills are brittle in nature, but using it on aluminum makes it a great cutting tool. One of the downside of carbide end mills is that they are expensive compared to High-Speed steel. But if you can afford them, they can cut the aluminum with high speed and feed rates and will also last longer in comparison.
TOOL COATING
Since aluminum is soft when compared to other materials, during CNC milling, its chips can clog in the CNC tool, especially when you are plunging deeper. Coating the end mills with the right material can help resolve the problem.
Most common used coating on an end mill is Titanium Aluminum Nitride (TiAIN). These are slippery coatings and allows the chips to slip easily through the flutes while milling. It is also effective in case you are not using any coolant. The coating is mainly used on carbide tools.
But if you are using high-speed steel (HSS), you should use Titanium Carbo-Nitride (TiCN). This coating will also serve the purpose for lubricity required for aluminum milling. The only downside of this type of coating is its high cost. Other type of coating material is Titanium Diboride (TiB2) etc. Though there are uncoated tools available, using them will only bring damage to your tool and the work piece.

In 2021,HUANA develop DLC Coated for Aluminum cutting which is newest for milling Aluminum

FLUTE COUNT

Number of flutes are one of the most important factors while selecting the end mill. The end mills are available in 2, 3, 4, and etc. The purpose of end mill is removing the chips from the work piece while milling. The greater the number of flutes in end mill, the softer the material to use for milling.
End mills with 2 and 3 flutes are used for working on aluminum. Increase in the number of flutes can create difficulty for effective chips evacuation at high speeds because aluminum produce larger chips. So increasing the flute means smaller chip valley which is why the end mills with high number of flutes should not be used.
Normally, 2 flutes end mills are used for aluminum. However, using end mills with 3 flutes will get the job done more efficiently, easily, and will deliver more finishing operations. With the setting of right parameters, 3 flute end mills can also serve as roughers successfully.
Besides considering the number of flutes in an end mill, you should also consider other factors like rigidity, operation and required material removal rate that also impacts heavily on the tool’s selection.

HELIX ANGLE
The helix angle is the measure of angle between tool’s centerline and straight line tangent with the cutting edge. The higher the helix angle, the more easily chips of softer materials can escape. Therefore, end mills with comparatively higher helix angles than standard end mills are used. The angle with 35°, 40°, or 45° are preferred.
In the market, variable helix tools are also available which reduces harmonics and chatter and also enhances material removal rates efficiency.
35° or 40° helix angles are used as a standard for roughing and slotting in aluminum. But 45° helix angles are suitable for high efficiency milling toolpaths because end mills with higher helix angles makes more aggressive cut and wraps around the tool faster.

TOOLING OPRERATION

As discussed earlier, 2 or 3 flutes in an end mill will deliver the right results. But for specific usage and machine setup, you need to consider more tooling option to give better performance and to carry out specialized milling, slotting or profiling. Following are some of the tooling operation that can give better results.

 

CHIPBREAKER

Effective chips evacuation is one of the most crucial factor while machining aluminum. 2-3 flutes operating at recommended feed rates and speeds lets escape the chips fairly well. But there is another specialized tool more efficient than the standard ones. The 3 flute chipbreaker tool runs at more speed and feed rates and delivers better results. The geometry of the chipbreaker produces smaller chips for fast evacuation and leaves half-finished surface.

 

HIGH–BALANCE END MILLS

These end mills are manufactured to improve performance in highly balanced machining centers that have elevated feed rates and elevated RPM. They are used to main precise balance in high velocity machining aluminum up to 33,000 RPM.

RUNNING PARAMETERS
If you want to optimize your productivity and achieve optimum machine results, then you need to have the right parameters settings. The settings also help in selection of end mills. The aluminum is indeed an easier material to machine but if you can optimize your machine with the right settings and push it to its maximum limit, you can achieve maximum result out of the machine.
There are some general guidelines that you should follow for machining aluminum. For milling cast aluminum alloys, 500-1000 SFM surface footage is recommended. The RPM is based on cutter’s diameter. For wrought aluminum alloys, 800-1500 SFM surface footage is recommended. Following is one of the widely known running parameter to follow.

HIGH EFFICIENY MILLING
HEM or High Efficiency Milling strategy is become rapidly popular in manufacturing industry. There are CAM programs that include HEM toolpaths. While any machine is capable of performing HEM, it is important that CNC machines should also contain fast processor.

MACHINE REQUIREMENTS FOR ALUMINUM MILLING

Having the right machine for aluminum milling is vital to have maximum advantage of machine. Ideally, the machine should have 200 IPM feed rate and 18,000 RPM spindle capability. Following are some standard machine settings for aluminum milling

 

For peripheral rough milling

• Climb mill having coated carbide end mill of ?”?diameter 3-flute.
• Width of cut: 30 percent of cutter diameter
• Axial depth-of-cut: 0.750”
• SFM: 2000
• RPM: 15,280
• IPT: 0.004
• IPM: 200

Milling carried with these machine settings will remove metal at 22.5 cubic inches/minute.

For full width slotting

• Recommended 2 flute end mill
• Plunge in vertical direction 1 x diameter before moving X-Y direction.
• SFM: 1,000
• RPM: 7,640
• IPT: 0.003
• IPM: 46

With these settings, the metal removal rate will be 11.5 cubic inches/minute

Note: ensure to program feed and speed once the slot is in for peripheral milling to open up the cavity.

TYPE OF END MILLS

The types of end mills with different end shapes are used to create different profiles, slotting, and different texture in a work piece. Following are the APMT Insert various end mills used to slot aluminum:

ROUGHING END MILLS

These end mills have teeth at their flute’s periphery used to create rough texture on the surface. The purpose of these teeth is they transform material into small chips and then evacuates the material quickly. It also reduces vibration during milling.

FINISHING END MILLS

These end mills deliver smooth finish. They have smooth outside dimeter and one square end. This diameter creates smooth finish on a work piece.

?

?

BALL-NOSE END MILLS For Aluminum

They are also called full-radius end mills because they have a ball-shape edge. On Aluminum they are used to create 3D contouring, arc grooves and profile milling etc.

VCMT Insert

SINGLE FLUTE END MILLS

The single flute end mills are designed for applications that require fast and high-volume material removal. They are very versatile and delivers great rough texture. You can use them to mill brass, plastics, aluminum or exotic composites but do not use them on steel.

Their single cutting edge design provides more space for chips to evacuate resulting in higher chip loads and faster feed rates.

CONCLUSION

Aluminum is highly workable and light weight material. Products manufactured from this material are used in almost every industry. Its low cost and flexibility makes it a demandable material for CNC milling.

Due to its specific properties, it is necessary to carefully select the end mills otherwise it may damage the work piece. End mills made of carbide are highly durable and has high speed and feed rates. When end mills are coated, they perform better in milling because they provide smooth and slippery surface for quick chips evacuation.

The single flute and 2 or 3 flute end mills are widely used for aluminum. Do not select end mills with flutes greater than 3 otherwise the chips will clog the flute and cause material damage.

The more angular the helix angle, the more easily and quickly chips removed. Typically, 35°, 40°, and 45° helix used to mill aluminum for good efficiency due to more aggressive cutting.

Apart from the selection of end mill, setting the right machine requirements will result in maximum output. The above parameters are typical but they will need tweaking for special applications.

INTRODUCTION

 

Aluminum is the most loved machined material because of its unique features for machinability and this is why it is most commonly used in manufacturing industry. But the aluminum is not milled using any tool, it requires careful study of its properties and most importantly, an extensive knowledge of tool selection. Understanding the tool requirement by machinist can give them numerous benefits like product pricing, lowering the production cost and make required products with less effort and quality finishing.

The end mills are used to create profile, plunging and required pocketing in aluminum. The various properties of end mills decide which material they will mill easily. Besides, the end geometry of an end mill, factors like end mill coating, helix angle, number of flutes etc. play crucial role to get the job done and vice versa.

This article will explain all the factors of and end mill that must be considered before selecting the end mill. Additionally, the article will also cover the machine requirements for milling aluminum and lastly give names of some popular end mills that are perfect to use.

MATERIAL
The best preferred material for making end mills is carbide because it says sharp for long time. Although carbide-made end mills are brittle in nature, but using it on aluminum makes it a great cutting tool. One of the downside of carbide end mills is that they are expensive compared to High-Speed steel. But if you can afford them, they can cut the aluminum with high speed and feed rates and will also last longer in comparison.
TOOL COATING
Since aluminum is soft when compared to other materials, during CNC milling, its chips can clog in the CNC tool, especially when you are plunging deeper. Coating the end mills with the right material can help resolve the problem.
Most common used coating on an end mill is Titanium Aluminum Nitride (TiAIN). These are slippery coatings and allows the chips to slip easily through the flutes while milling. It is also effective in case you are not using any coolant. The coating is mainly used on carbide tools.
But if you are using high-speed steel (HSS), you should use Titanium Carbo-Nitride (TiCN). This coating will also serve the purpose for lubricity required for aluminum milling. The only downside of this type of coating is its high cost. Other type of coating material is Titanium Diboride (TiB2) etc. Though there are uncoated tools available, using them will only bring damage to your tool and the work piece.

In 2021,HUANA develop DLC Coated for Aluminum cutting which is newest for milling Aluminum

FLUTE COUNT

Number of flutes are one of the most important factors while selecting the end mill. The end mills are available in 2, 3, 4, and etc. The purpose of end mill is removing the chips from the work piece while milling. The greater the number of flutes in end mill, the softer the material to use for milling.
End mills with 2 and 3 flutes are used for working on aluminum. Increase in the number of flutes can create difficulty for effective chips evacuation at high speeds because aluminum produce larger chips. So increasing the flute means smaller chip valley which is why the end mills with high number of flutes should not be used.
Normally, 2 flutes end mills are used for aluminum. However, using end mills with 3 flutes will get the job done more efficiently, easily, and will deliver more finishing operations. With the setting of right parameters, 3 flute end mills can also serve as roughers successfully.
Besides considering the number of flutes in an end mill, you should also consider other factors like rigidity, operation and required material removal rate that also impacts heavily on the tool’s selection.

HELIX ANGLE
The helix angle is the measure of angle between tool’s centerline and straight line tangent with the cutting edge. The higher the helix angle, the more easily chips of softer materials can escape. Therefore, end mills with comparatively higher helix angles than standard end mills are used. The angle with 35°, 40°, or 45° are preferred.
In the market, variable helix tools are also available which reduces harmonics and chatter and also enhances material removal rates efficiency.
35° or 40° helix angles are used as a standard for roughing and slotting in aluminum. But 45° helix angles are suitable for high efficiency milling toolpaths because end mills with higher helix angles makes more aggressive cut and wraps around the tool faster.

TOOLING OPRERATION

As discussed earlier, 2 or 3 flutes in an end mill will deliver the right results. But for specific usage and machine setup, you need to consider more tooling option to give better performance and to carry out specialized milling, slotting or profiling. Following are some of the tooling operation that can give better results.

 

CHIPBREAKER

Effective chips evacuation is one of the most crucial factor while machining aluminum. 2-3 flutes operating at recommended feed rates and speeds lets escape the chips fairly well. But there is another specialized tool more efficient than the standard ones. The 3 flute chipbreaker tool runs at more speed and feed rates and delivers better results. The geometry of the chipbreaker produces smaller chips for fast evacuation and leaves half-finished surface.

 

HIGH–BALANCE END MILLS

These end mills are manufactured to improve performance in highly balanced machining centers that have elevated feed rates and elevated RPM. They are used to main precise balance in high velocity machining aluminum up to 33,000 RPM.

RUNNING PARAMETERS
If you want to optimize your productivity and achieve optimum machine results, then you need to have the right parameters settings. The settings also help in selection of end mills. The aluminum is indeed an easier material to machine but if you can optimize your machine with the right settings and push it to its maximum limit, you can achieve maximum result out of the machine.
There are some general guidelines that you should follow for machining aluminum. For milling cast aluminum alloys, 500-1000 SFM surface footage is recommended. The RPM is based on cutter’s diameter. For wrought aluminum alloys, 800-1500 SFM surface footage is recommended. Following is one of the widely known running parameter to follow.

HIGH EFFICIENY MILLING
HEM or High Efficiency Milling strategy is become rapidly popular in manufacturing industry. There are CAM programs that include HEM toolpaths. While any machine is capable of performing HEM, it is important that CNC machines should also contain fast processor.

MACHINE REQUIREMENTS FOR ALUMINUM MILLING

Having the right machine for aluminum milling is vital to have maximum advantage of machine. Ideally, the machine should have 200 IPM feed rate and 18,000 RPM spindle capability. Following are some standard machine settings for aluminum milling

 

For peripheral rough milling

• Climb mill having coated carbide end mill of ?”?diameter 3-flute.
• Width of cut: 30 percent of cutter diameter
• Axial depth-of-cut: 0.750”
• SFM: 2000
• RPM: 15,280
• IPT: 0.004
• IPM: 200

Milling carried with these machine settings will remove metal at 22.5 cubic inches/minute.

For full width slotting

• Recommended 2 flute end mill
• Plunge in vertical direction 1 x diameter before moving X-Y direction.
• SFM: 1,000
• RPM: 7,640
• IPT: 0.003
• IPM: 46

With these settings, the metal removal rate will be 11.5 cubic inches/minute

Note: ensure to program feed and speed once the slot is in for peripheral milling to open up the cavity.

TYPE OF END MILLS

The types of end mills with different end shapes are used to create different profiles, slotting, and different texture in a work piece. Following are the APMT Insert various end mills used to slot aluminum:

ROUGHING END MILLS

These end mills have teeth at their flute’s periphery used to create rough texture on the surface. The purpose of these teeth is they transform material into small chips and then evacuates the material quickly. It also reduces vibration during milling.

FINISHING END MILLS

These end mills deliver smooth finish. They have smooth outside dimeter and one square end. This diameter creates smooth finish on a work piece.

?

?

BALL-NOSE END MILLS For Aluminum

They are also called full-radius end mills because they have a ball-shape edge. On Aluminum they are used to create 3D contouring, arc grooves and profile milling etc.

VCMT Insert

SINGLE FLUTE END MILLS

The single flute end mills are designed for applications that require fast and high-volume material removal. They are very versatile and delivers great rough texture. You can use them to mill brass, plastics, aluminum or exotic composites but do not use them on steel.

Their single cutting edge design provides more space for chips to evacuate resulting in higher chip loads and faster feed rates.

CONCLUSION

Aluminum is highly workable and light weight material. Products manufactured from this material are used in almost every industry. Its low cost and flexibility makes it a demandable material for CNC milling.

Due to its specific properties, it is necessary to carefully select the end mills otherwise it may damage the work piece. End mills made of carbide are highly durable and has high speed and feed rates. When end mills are coated, they perform better in milling because they provide smooth and slippery surface for quick chips evacuation.

The single flute and 2 or 3 flute end mills are widely used for aluminum. Do not select end mills with flutes greater than 3 otherwise the chips will clog the flute and cause material damage.

The more angular the helix angle, the more easily and quickly chips removed. Typically, 35°, 40°, and 45° helix used to mill aluminum for good efficiency due to more aggressive cutting.

Apart from the selection of end mill, setting the right machine requirements will result in maximum output. The above parameters are typical but they will need tweaking for special applications.